1. Prof Martin Tangney Director Biofuel Research Centre

2. Global warming… …CO 2 emissions Save the planet… BIOFUEL???

3. CO 2 in plant carbon removed from atmosphere (photosynthesis) C CO 2 in fuel molecules Use in vehicle C C C Fossil fuel C Biofuels and the carbon cycle

4. 1860’s - the father of the internal combustion engine, Nikolaus Otto, developed an ethanol fuelled engine

5. Diesel engine first ran on peanut oil

6. vision to “build a vehicle affordable to the working family and powered by a fuel that would boost the rural farm economy”

7. “RTFO obliges suppliers in the UK of fossil fuel for road transport to produce evidence showing that a specified proportion of fuel supplied is renewable fuel.” The target is 5% by 2013 “RTFO obliges suppliers in the UK of fossil fuel for road transport to produce evidence showing that a specified proportion of fuel supplied is renewable fuel.” The target is 5% by 2013 Biofuel The EU has directed that biofuels should account for 10% of total fuel sales by 2020

8. First generation biofuels biodiesel (oil crops) biodiesel (oil crops) bioethanol (food crops) bioethanol (food crops) Biofuel food to fuel debate

9. CO 2 C C C C Biofuels and the carbon cycle Displacement of food crops External energy & emissions for farming External energy & emissions for production External energy & emissions for distribution Fossil Energy Inputs

10. "By 2022, we will more than double the amount of biofuels we produce to 36 billion gallons, which will decrease our dependence on foreign oil by hundreds of millions of barrels per year," Obama said. "By 2022, we will more than double the amount of biofuels we produce which will decrease our dependence on foreign oil by hundreds of millions of barrels per year" Barack Obama Washington, February 3, 2010.

14. CO 2 C C C C CO 2 emissions Energy Security OIL dependence

15. 10 th December 2007

16. ResearchIndustry Government Biofuel Research Centre

17. The Biofuel Research Centre was established to serve as an internationally recognised portal of high quality integrated second generation biofuel research and knowledge transfer to inform Government, industry and public opinion Mission Statement ResearchIndustry Government Biofuel Research Centre Activities Research – Communication - Business

18. Brazil Biofuel Industry Bioethanol From Sugarcane

19. Processing of sugarcane

20. Sugar production

21. Ethanol production

22. Electricity generation

23. PETROL ETHANOL Source: ANP & ÚNICA for Brazil Ethanol: anhydrous and hydrous Petrol is now the alternative fuel in Brazil

24. Bio-refinery BIOMASS FOOD - FUEL - POWER