1. .

2. World-Wide Depression and the Rise of Militarism

3. Key Terms Democracy:  Power to rule comes from the consent of the governed. People have the power! Capitalism  Factories, equipment, and other means of production are privately owned rather than controlled by government. Free Market! Found in Democracies!

4. Key Terms Totalitarianism:  A form of government that controls every aspect of its citizens’ lives. Citizens have no rights. No opposition. Fascism  Political philosophy that places the importance of the nation over the individual. Nationalism! Dictator!

5. Nationalism – an extreme form of patriotism. Glorifying and increasing the influence of one’s own country (often at the expense of others) Militarism - Glorifying and building up your military. Using military force to promote your countries goals. Key Terms

6. Communism:  The state owns all property and means of production. All citizens share the wealth. Totalitarian Leader. Monarchy:  The ruler inherits the right to rule and has power for life. People must follow leaders rule!

7. Communist Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin Create a sound communist state and wait for world revolution Revolution by workers State ownership of property

8. Stalin’s Plan 2 Main goals:  Raise agriculture production  Modernize industry Five-Year Plan:  Take private lands from farmers - collectivization  Those who refuse forced into hard labor in concentration camps  Export food for profit = famine

9. The Great Purge: Secret police Use of force against all other political parties and those who stood against him.

10. Difficulties in Germany High debts from WWI High unemployment Massive inflation in the 1920s

11. The Weimar Republic: discredited in the eyes of the world AND Germany discredited in the eyes of the world AND Germany  Blame of communists, Jews and liberals for the problems of the Weimar Republic.  Treaty of Versailles  Political Extremism—Communist and fascist and extreme nationalist  Economic disaster! The people are looking for SALVATION Germany--Weimar Republic- 1920’s

12. What is going on in this picture?

16. Hitler & Germany Promised the people work and a stable government Increased his power through force  Arrested enemies and opponents  Built up the armed forces

17. Nazi Germany – Adolf Hitler Extreme nationalism and racism Militaristic expansionism Private property with strong government controls Anticommunist

18. January 1933: Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany

19. The Nazi State 1933-1945 Total State control techniques Total State control techniques  propaganda masters  mass demonstrations  rearmament of the military – put everyone to work!  Retake land  SS control of police using terror based on Nazi ideology (secret police,camps execution and extermination)

20. Nazi Propaganda—Hitler Youth

22. Mussolini “Il Duce” & Italy In 1919 Mussolini forms the Fascist party Appointed prime minister in 1922 Italy was plagued with  Poverty  Unemployment  social unrest

23. Fascist Italy – Benito Mussolini Extreme nationalism Militaristic expansionism Charismatic leader Private property with strong government controls Anticommunist

24. What did he do once in power? Suspended elections Banned labor unions Outlawed opposing political parties Censored the press Employed spies and secret police

25. 1936-1939 Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco leads a military rebellion in Spain Italy and Germany send supplies, weapons and troops Franco wins and sets up a totalitarian dictatorship

26. Some U.S. volunteers fight but congress passes Neutrality Acts keeping the U.S. from getting involved…

27. Japan Promoted to Prime Minister Very loyal to Emperor Hirohito Supported Tripartite Pact w/ Germany and Italy Pushed to expand Japan’s control in Asia Hideki Tojo – Japan Imperialist Military Regime

28. 1937 Japanese troops massacre civilians in Nanjing Japanese army invades Nanjing 300,000 dead 20,000 women raped “Rape of Nanjing” Roosevelt calls for “quarantine” against aggressive nations like Japan Japan invades Vietnam, Formosa, Korea, much of China and several Pacific Islands…