1. CT1304 L AN L AB Rehab AlFallaj

2. P EER TO PEER N ETWORKS Objectives: To understand the difference between a switch and a hub. To understand the address learning function. To understand the concept of peer-to-peer networks.

3. L OCAL A REA N ETWORKS LANs consist of Transmission media and network nodes. The network nodes fall into two major classes: Data terminal equipment (DTE)—Devices that are either the source or the destination of data frames. DTEs are typically devices such as PCs, workstations, file servers, or print servers. Data communication equipment (DCE)— Intermediate network devices that receive and forward frames across the network. DCEs may be either standalone devices such as repeaters, hubs, switches, and routers, or communications interface units such as network interface cards (NIC) and modems.

4. L OCAL A REA N ETWORKS

7. H UB

8. H UB - E XAMPLE

9. S WITCH

10. S WITCH – E XAMPLE 1

11. S WITCH – E XAMPLE 2

12. T HE A DDRESS L EARNING F UNCTION

13. Initially, the MAC address table of the switch is empty. With an empty MAC address table, switch will forward each frame to all connected ports other than that on which it arrived. This operation is called “Flooding”. Flooding is inefficient way to transmit data because it wastes bandwidth.

14. T HE A DDRESS L EARNING F UNCTION