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Poster Print Size: This poster template is 42” high by 56” wide. It can be used to print any poster with a 3:4 aspect ratio. Placeholders: The various.

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Presentation on theme: "Poster Print Size: This poster template is 42” high by 56” wide. It can be used to print any poster with a 3:4 aspect ratio. Placeholders: The various."— Presentation transcript:

1 Poster Print Size: This poster template is 42” high by 56” wide. It can be used to print any poster with a 3:4 aspect ratio. Placeholders: The various elements included in this poster are ones we often see in medical, research, and scientific posters. Feel free to edit, move, add, and delete items, or change the layout to suit your needs. Always check with your conference organizer for specific requirements. Image Quality: You can place digital photos or logo art in your poster file by selecting the Insert, Picture command, or by using standard copy & paste. For best results, all graphic elements should be at least 150-200 pixels per inch in their final printed size. For instance, a 1600 x 1200 pixel photo will usually look fine up to 8“-10” wide on your printed poster. To preview the print quality of images, select a magnification of 100% when previewing your poster. This will give you a good idea of what it will look like in print. If you are laying out a large poster and using half-scale dimensions, be sure to preview your graphics at 200% to see them at their final printed size. Please note that graphics from websites (such as the logo on your hospital's or university's home page) will only be 72dpi and not suitable for printing. [This sidebar area does not print.] Change Color Theme: This template is designed to use the built-in color themes in the newer versions of PowerPoint. To change the color theme, select the Design tab, then select the Colors drop-down list. The default color theme for this template is “Office”, so you can always return to that after trying some of the alternatives. Printing Your Poster: Once your poster file is ready, visit www.genigraphics.com to order a high-quality, affordable poster print. Every order receives a free design review and we can deliver as fast as next business day within the US and Canada. Genigraphics® has been producing output from PowerPoint® longer than anyone in the industry; dating back to when we helped Microsoft® design the PowerPoint® software. US and Canada: 1-800-790-4001 Email: info@genigraphics.com [This sidebar area does not print.] Social Capital and Sports Participation in Greece The Case Study of the Runners at the Authentic Marathon Dikaia Chatziefstathiou 1, PhD and Kyriaki Kaplanidou 2, PhD 1 Marie Curie Fellow, Panteion University of Athens, Greece & Reader, Canterbury Christ Church University, UK 2 Associate Professor, University of Florida, USA INTRODUCTION METHODS CONCLUSIONS DISCUSSION RESULTS REFERENCES ABSTRACT CONTACT Dr Dikaia Chatziefstathiou Panteion University & Canterbury Christ Church University Email: dc130@canterbury.ac.ukdc130@canterbury.ac.uk https://www.linkedin.com/in/drdikaia Twitter: @dikaiac A question has been asked in the literature: whether or not sport is unique in its ability to build social capital for participants. There is a number of studies identified in the literature that have already demonstrated the capability of sport in providing opportunities for social capital formation. However, as recognised by some researchers, the uniqueness of sport itself for the creation of social capital needs further exploration. This research aims to shed further light into this by examining the social capital of runners in a marathon event. For the purposes of this study, we built a questionnaire based on different tools from the European Commission, Greece, Australia and the UK. A convenience sample of n=113 questionnaires was collected from runners who participated in the 32 nd Authentic Marathon (2014, Athens). The results suggest that runners demonstrate a good level of trust towards their fellow citizens (much less to politicians), as well as social connectedness but sport participation may not be inherently special in the development of social capital as the results indicate in relation to membership, decision-making, and participation/ attendance in local events. For this presentation we only focused on findings in relation to the type of sports membership of the runners (e.g. registered in a private gym) in relation to two components of social capital that we measured in our questionnaire: (i) collective action and cooperation: Questions 15.1, 15.2, 15.3, 15.4 and 15.5 (ii) social cohesion and social life: Questions 15.6, 15.7, 18.1, 18.2, 18.3 and 18.4. Below we described in detail those questions: 15.1 In the past 12 months, did you participate in an event for the benefit of your neighbourhood or region? 15.2 In the past 12 months, did you attend an event of your local community, municipality etc.? 15.3 In the past 12 months, did you attend a sports event in your local community, municipality etc.? 15.4 Do you volunteer? 15.5 Do you volunteer in sports events? 15.6 Do you use the public leisure facilities of your community, municipality etc.? 15.7 Do you get informed about the news of your area by reading a local newspaper, newsletter etc.? 18.1 I feel I belong to my local community 18.2 I feel isolated from my local community 18.3 My sense of belonging to my local community increases with my participation in local sports events 18.4 I watch and support the sports club of my area Collective action & cooperation: In Q. 15.1 those who do not exercise have a low mean (1.73), while the highest is shared by those who exercise in a public gym and those who are members in a sports club (2.09) but generally the mean values for all the groups are relatively low. In Q. 15.2, those who had the lowest mean score were those registered in a private gym. In Q. 15.3 the highest value is again by those registered in a sports club (2.68) while the lowest is by those who do not exercise (1.63). In Q.15.4 the values are overall quite low, while in Q.15.5 we see that those registered in a sports club have the highest mean here (2.09) while those who do not exercise have again the lowest one (1.15). Social cohesion & social life: In Q. 15.6 we have the highest mean (3.66) by the respondents who are registered in a public gym. In Q. 15.7 we have the highest mean scores by those who are registered in a public gym or in a team without fees (2.43), while those who do not exercise have the lowest one (1.98). In Q. 18.1 those who have a higher sense of belonging in their local community are those using a public gym (3.54) while the lowest is by those registered in a private gym (2.99). In Q.18.2, the highest mean score (2.69) is by those registered in a private gym reinforcing the findings in the previous question. In Q. 18.3 there are remarkably high scores from all the groups. Finally in Q.18.4 those who watch and support the sports clubs of their area are those who are members of a sports club themselves. For the purposes of this study, we built a questionnaire based on different tools from the European Commission, Greece, Australia and the UK. It included the following thematic units: 1) Membership in clubs & networking with relatives and friends 2) trust & solidarity 3) collective action & cooperation 4) social cohesion & social life. A sample of n=1.811 online questionnaires distributed by the Hellenic Athletics Federation (SEGAS) were completed from runners who participated in the 32 nd Authentic Marathon (2014, Athens). In conclusion, we observe that those who do not exercise appear to be less keen to engage with events of collective action and cooperation while those registered in a private gym also tend to participate less often to events of their local community. The highest values in relation to collective action and cooperation are by those registered in a sports club and those who are members in a public gym, though overall volunteering ethos is not particularly high among all groups. This is slightly better when it comes specifically to sports volunteering (particularly for those registered in a sports club). The sense of belonging to their community is higher to those who use the public gyms, especially when compared to those who use a private gym. The latter also feel more isolated than any other group. Overall those who use the public gyms make more use of their local leisure facilities and also wish to get informed more about the local news. There is an agreement among all groups that attending local sports events increase their sense of belonging, while local sports teams are mostly supported by those who are registered in sports clubs (with or without fees). The term ‘social capital’ was firstly mentioned in Hanifan’s work (1916, p.130) in which it was described as “those tangible assets that count for most in the daily lives of people: namely goodwill, fellowship, sympathy and social intercourse among the individuals and families who make up a social unit”. In the field of social science, most of the studies in relation to social capital were derived from the work of Bourdieu, Coleman, and Putnam. Recently there has been a growing interest in exploring the association between sport and social capital. Sport has been considered as a useful tool to tackle issues of broader social development, e.g. social integration, the creation of national identity. However, many of those studies have only focused on conceptualizing the hypothesis. Studies backed up with robust evidence in relation to this concept are still scarce. Perhaps the primarily reason for the increasing numbers of research on the sport and social capital in recent years is because of a growing attention being paid on this relationship in political discourse. On 26 November of 2013 the Council adopted the first ever Council Recommendation in sport, notably on promoting health-enhancing physical activity across sectors (HEPA). It also adopted Council conclusions on the ‘Contribution of sport to the EU economy, and in particular to addressing youth unemployment and social inclusion’ A question has been asked in the literature: whether or not sport is unique in its ability to build social capital for participants. There is a number of studies identified in the literature that have already demonstrated the capability of sport in providing opportunities for social capital formation. However, as recognised by some researchers, the uniqueness of sport itself for the creation of social capital needs further exploration (Nicholson and Hoye, 2008; Brown, 2013). This research aims to shed further light into this by examining the social capital of runners in a marathon event. 1.BROWN, S. F. 2013. How do youth sports facilitate the creation of parental social ties? Sport in Society, 17, 23-37. 2.HANIFAN, L. J. 1916. The Rural School Community Center. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 67, 130- 138. 3.NICHOLSON, M. & HOYE, R. 2008. Sport and Social Capital, Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Chart 1. Social cohesion and collective variables for different types of sports membership Table 1. Mean values for questions that measure social cohesion and collective action. Question numbers 15_115_215_315_415_515_615_718_118_218_318_4 I am registered in a private gym1.741.891.961.731.432.372.052.992.693.452.75 I am registerd in public gym2.092.542.431.841.493.662.433.542.443.582.93 I am registered in sports club/team and I pay fees2.092.382.681.932.093.092.273.412.433.633.26 I am registered i nclub/team--NO fees2.052.352.491.911.923.152.433.42.53.633.32 I am in a exercise group without any fees required1.952.112.271.821.6532.293.252.473.583.01 I do not exercise1.572.021.631.761.151.881.983.082.623.262.32 other1.732.042.051.731.352.832.13.162.613.352.77


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