1. THE IMPACT OF FREE, OPEN AND PUBLIC ACCESS ON THE VISION LITERATURE Pamela C. Sieving 1 and Bette Anton 2 for The Association of Vision Science Librarians 3 1 National Institutes of Health Library 2 Fong Optometry Library, University of California Berkeley 3 spectacle.berkeley.edu/~library/AVSL.HTM WHAT IS FREE? OPEN? PUBLIC ACCESS? Free Access:  Electronic access to text at no cost to reader.  Traditional copyright.  Archiving by publisher.  Immediate or delayed (i.e. free back issues). Open Access (Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing):  All users granted right to access, use, copy, distribute, display and make derivative works.  Users must respect attribution of authorship.  Permanent accessible archiving.  ”A vision, not a business model” (J Neal, Columbia) Public Access  Often misunderstood as “free.” Traditional Academic Model  Institutional subscription costs often >$2K/article.  Free labor for costly journals? [T.C. Bergstrom] NIH PUBLIC ACCESS POLICY REFERENCES: 1.Anton B: Issues and impacts of the changing nature of scientific communication Optom Vis Sci 2003 80:403-10 2.Liesegang TJ, Schachat AP, Albert DM: The Open Access Initiative in scientific and biomedical publishing. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 139:156-67. 3.Directory of Open Access Journals www.doaj.orgwww.doaj.org 4.Open Access Bibliography www.arl.org/pubscat/pubs/openaccess/ VARIATIONS ON A THEME PERMISSIONS:  Publisher controls…  Any academic use permitted …  Author self-archives WHEN CONTENT IS FREE:  Immediately……  Selectively (HINARI)  Delayed by 1-12 months  Never COPYRIGHT IS A BUNDLE OF RIGHTS THAT: Affect dissemination of an intellectual product  Protect the product from unauthorized change  Transfer to publisher may not protect the author  Can be managed to foster academic goals  Requested, not required.  NIH-funded research only.  Accepted in peer-reviewed journals.  Authors specify embargo length.  Publishers may authorize shorter embargo and replace manuscript with published version.  Fulfills reporting requirement. NIH-Funded Research Content 2003-04* Vis Neurosci60% Am J Ophthalmol13% Mol Vis59Ophthalmology12 Exp Eye Res49Surv Ophthalmol12 IOVS46Cornea11 Vis Res35J Glaucoma10 Prog Ret Eye Res 34Br J Ophthalmol 5 Curr Eye Res31Graefes Archiv 4 Optom Vis Sci21J Refr Surg 4 Arch Ophthalmol 19Retina 4 J Ocul Pharm Ther17Clin Exp Ophthal 2 Overall: 15% of eye and vision-related articles published in 2003-04 resulted from NIH-funded research. (* source: PubMed search, pcs; search strategy available) WHAT DOES COPYRIGHT ACCOMPLISH? WHO PAYS?  Subscriber/Library: Subscription  Society members: Dues  Grant agency: Page charges ($500-$2500)  Researcher: Page charges ($500-$2500) ‘FREE’ CONTENT IN Medline:  PubMed Central  Free full text filter  Transparent institutional subscription SELECTED NEW COMMUNICATION MODELS WASHINGTON DC PRINCIPLES FOR FREE ACCESS TO SCIENCE (2004) Scholarly nonprofit publishers committed to change ARVO is a signatory PUBMED CENTRAL (2000) Electronic archive for life science journals Unrestricted access, permanent accessibility BioMed CENTRAL (2000) Publisher of open access journals 25 million downloads Funded by institutional membership or author fees PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE (2000) Nonprofit organization with goal of making scientific and medical literature a resource for the whole world. BERLIN DECLARATION ON OPEN ACCESS (2003) Immediate, permanent, free online access; institutional archives ARVO 2005 WOULD COMPLIANCE AFFECT YOUR ACCESS? RECOMMENDATIONS:  Know your publication options and rights as an author.  Consider more than impact factors.  Support sustainable models of scholarly communication.