1. Maritime Environmental Regulations & the Challenges of Compliance

2. Regulation Hierarchy International United Nations- IMO
UNCLOS, MARPOL, SOLAS
Area/Regional Specific
HELCOM
EU Directives
National /Port State
Clean Water Act
US NPDES Vessel General Permit
State/Provincial
VGP – 401 Certifications
Other State Requirements
Provincial Requirements
Port Specific
Destination Stewardship is at the core of our work. For us it means….

3. MARPOL and SOLAS
Overseen by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) -Specialized agency of the United Nations with 169 Member States and three Associate Members.
- Primary purpose is to develop and maintain a comprehensive regulatory framework for shipping and today that includes: safety, environmental concerns, legal matters, technical co-operation, maritime security and the efficiency of shipping.
MARPOL - is the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships established in Feb
Contains 6 annexes, concerned with preventing different forms of marine pollution from ships:
Annex I - Oil
Annex II - Noxious Liquid Substances carried in Bulk
Annex III - Harmful Substances carried in Packaged Form
Annex IV - Sewage
Annex V - Garbage
Annex VI - Air Pollution
Hosted a Destination Stewardship think tank on-board Oasis of the Seas inaugural cruise
Sponsor establishment of the Global Sustainable Tourism Council’s Destination Stewardship Working Group
Launch the Sustainable Shore Excursions Program
Bahamas and Haiti Private Destinations achieve bronze-level Sustainable Tourism Education Program (STEP) eco-certification for attractions and tour operations
Private island destination in the Bahamas is awarded Gold-level STEP sustainability certification
Sponsor the creation of the GSTC Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria for Destinations
Support sustainable destination management diagnostic and action agenda in Cozumel, Mexico
Private island destination in Haiti is awarded Gold-level STEP sustainability certification
Support sustainable destination management diagnostic and action agenda in Roatan, Honduras
Support creation of a destination monitoring tool designed help destinations to track trends and changes occurring over time
Generally does not pertain to cruise vessels

4. MARPOL / Regional Agreements -
Emission Control Areas – The North America (NA) ECA which generally covers within 200nm of the NA coast (Canada and USA) requires the use of 0.1% sulfur fuel. As of January 1, all new vessels will also be required to meet Tier 3 NOx levels.

5. World Emission Control Areas

6. US Requirements - Vessel General Permit & Clean Water Act
Vessel General Permit – covers 27 operational discharges examples are
Deck washing – must use specific NPDES soaps and cleaners
Gray Water - Prohibited to discharge GW within 3nm
Sewage and GW mix – to discharge <3nm must meet the requirements of section 5.1 of the VGP:
Using end of pipe monitoring must be treated using an AWP prior to discharge.
Sewage – to discharge <3nm and within US waters (12nm) must meet 40 CFR 140 or 33 CFR 159 requirements.
Ballast water – must install and operate a USCG Approved BWMS, differs from the IMO Type Approved systems.
Ballast Water – National Invasive Species Act 1996
Requires the installation and operation of a USCG Approved BWMS, differs from the IMO Type Approved systems.
Allows for extension of the installation requirement until an approved system is identified.

7. Provincial / State Specific
Oil Spill Response – Must identify and contract with an Oil Spill Response Organization (OSRO) for all ships sailing in Canadian or US waters:
Canada – Eastern Canada Response Corporation
US – NRC or MSRC
State specific discharge requirements – Example of some requirements are:
Connecticut - prohibits the discharge of GW, Bilge water or Exhaust Gas Cleaning water regardless of treatment.
Maine & New York - requires exchange and treatment of ballast water.
New York – prohibits the discharge of Bilge water regardless of treatment.

8. ABOVE AND BEYOND COMPLIANCE
MARPOL Regulations vs RCL Policy
Waste MARPOL RCL Policy
Treated Sewage 3nm 12 nm, & >6kts
Gray water No min. 12 nm, & >6kts
Bilge Water 15 PPM 5 PPM, & >12nm Food Waste 3 nm 12 nm, & >6kts

9. Regulatory Impacts Overview of a single ships regulatory requirements:
Sailing from Boston calling on Portland, ME; Bar Harbor, ME; St. John, New Brunswick and Halifax Nova Scotia a ship must abide with the following regulations:
Emissions
NA ECA – 0.1% fuel within approximately 200nm
Shorepower – available in Halifax beginning in 2015
Discharges –
VGP – Deck cleaning, Sewage, Gray water, Ballast water, Bilge water, Scrubber wash water, etc.
Canadian - Sewage, Ballast water, Bilge water, scrubber wash water, etc.
Port Specific – prohibitions (ie. Bilge, scrubber wash water, GW)
Oil Spill Response –
Canadian and US requirements for OSRO’s
Garbage –
Waste classification requirements (Hazardous vs Nonhazardous)
Example of this is incinerator ash is defined in Canada as regulated waste, in the US is deemed non-regulated waste.

10. How RCL manages this monumental task
By using an integrated living database call ESIMS (Environmental Stewardship Information Management System). It allows our vessels to input their itinerary and receive all the relevant Env. Regulations for that itinerary.

11. How RCL manages this monumental task

12. Environmental Binders
Australia & New Zealand
Baltic & Northern Europe
Eastern - North America
Mediterranean
Western - North America
South America & Caribbean
Hawaii & Polynesia (Micronesia & Melanesia)
Antarctica
China and Southeastern Asia