1. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 1 Database Users & Administration

2. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 2 Database Users Data Administration Database Administration DBA Functions DBA Role Database Users & Administration

3. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 3 1. The End User The one who will use the information Unaware of the background processes Perhaps has little or no computing knowledge Expertise is in the use of the data Database Users

4. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 4 1. The End User (cont.) The information must be –correct –readily available –user friendly format –meet their requirements –allow them to be productive Database Users

5. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 5 2. Database specialist –Database Administrator –Database Designer –Database Analyst –Database Programmer –Database Technician Database Users

6. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 6 A high level management function(E.g. Director) Determination of overall information needs from a management perspective Developing & administering the policies, procedures, practices & plans for definition, organisation, protection & efficient utilisation of data Encompasses all corporate data whether computerised or not Data Administration

7. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 7 Normally responsible for computerised systems only Management & Co-ordination function Technical function responsible for: – physical database design – security – backup – recovery – performance Database Administration

8. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 8 What is it? “To successfully set up and manage an environment in which the data resource is effectively used” Database Administration

9. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 9 THERE ARE THREE MAIN FUNCTIONS: 1. Administration & management of Data Content 2. Administration & management of Data Structure 3. Administration & management of the Physical Database DBA Functions

10. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 10 1. Administration & management of Data Content –which data is to be held on the database –which users have what kind of access to the database –which kind of users have access to individual items of data –which consistency checks must be maintained –when should data be removed DBA Functions

11. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 11 2.The administration and management of data structure. –how many logical databases do we need ? –what is the table column structure ? normalisation functional analysis de normalisation –how is security to be implemented ? DBA Functions

12. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 12 2.The administration and management of data structure (Cont.) –how are consistency checks made ? –how is access to be optimised ? transactions clustering indexing query optimisation –how and when to re-organise the database ? DBA Functions

13. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 13 2.The administration and management of the physical database –how many copies should run ? machine sizing operating system performance –when and how should we perform backups? database files recovery log files DBA Functions

14. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 14 2.The administration and management of the physical database ( cont.) –start-up and shutdown procedures. DBMS parameters control procedures –what procedures are required to recover from system failures ? export / import procedures roll forward / rollback DBA Functions

15. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 15 –integrity and consistency –monitoring and tuning –reducing redundant storage –facilitating sharing of data –security –backups –recovery –keep down time to a minimum DBA Role

16. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 16 Liaison with: Management –enterprise objectives –time constraints for development –budget constraints –Future plans –organisational changes DBA Role

17. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 17 Liaison with: Users –data requirements –application priorities –ownership of data –archiving requirements –documentation –response times DBA Role

18. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 18 Liaison with: Application Development Staff –security/privacy controls –education/training –data integrity rules –housekeeping programs –information about the database –Test plans etc. DBA Role

19. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 19 Liaison with: Operations Staff –availability requirements –batch job priorities –security procedures –error recovery requirements –performance monitoring etc. DBA Role

20. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 20 Liaison with: Software Vendors –Education/training needs –Hardware requirements –documentation –service support & maintenance –utilities etc. DBA Role

21. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 21 Liaison with: Hardware Vendors –hardware capabilities –expansion capability –incompatibility with any existing hardware –servicing requirements –training –equipment failure DBA Role

22. University of Sunderland COM 220 Lecture Seven Slide 22 Further Reading Database Administration –Connolly & Begg, 3 rd and 4 th edition, chpt 9 –McFadden & Hoffer, chapter 13 Next week –Database Security