1. Slide 1 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 MobileMAN meeting Helsinki 7.6.2004 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola {Jose, Nicklas.Beijar, Raimo.Kantola}@netlab.hut.fi Networking Laboratory Helsinki University of Technology P.O. Box 3000, FIN-02015, Finland

2. Slide 2 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Preliminary architecture: Main modules AdHoc_Framework Kernel Context Roaming Module Interface Handler Terminal Applications Context Roaming Module Provides the API to applications to roam depending on context information Ad Hoc Framework Implements the different ad hoc routing algorithms (proactive, reactive, or others) Interacts with the Linux Kernel for implementing low level routing procedures. Supports necessary extensions to perform service discovery or routing optimisations. Consists of one Common module and several Routing modules

3. Slide 3 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 VoIP (SIP) Real Time QoS (RTCP) ArchitectureArchitecture Generic Ad Hoc Module Access kernel routes Retrieve MAC info Kernel Ad Hoc API Common Module API Common Cache Ad Hoc Framework API Routing Module AdHoc_Framework Routing&Service Data Common Module AODV Routing Module OLSR Routing Module ZRP Service Module MobileMAN Routing Module Spearhead(IRP) MAC watchdog Initiated not completed (work in progress) Dropped Completed Service Module Terminal Applications

4. Slide 4 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 ZRPZRP The ZRP is being developed on top of AODV and OLSR. Initial testing but no results available yet. The Ad Hoc framework allows updating each protocol without affecting the overall functioning. New version of AODV (v0.8) has been updated into the framework (better performance). IARP Logic Protocol Specific Adapter IARP Logic Protocol Specific Adapter IERP Logic Protocol Specific Adapter IERP Logic Protocol Specific Adapter OLSR CCRSProxy AODV CCRSProxy BRP CommonCache &RegistryService ZRP

5. Slide 5 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Service Discovery Reactive service discovery mechanism implemented but not integrated yet. Implemented the node classification for the nodes that will create the service discovery backbone. Smart-dummy node architecture for service discovery infrastructure implemented but not full functional yet. Missing functionality: – Establish link state using OLSR – Define service information as part of OLSR link state data – Manage AODV service queries.

6. Slide 6 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Node classification During this period we have implemented the node classification (i.e. smart, dummy nodes) for creating Ad Hoc backbone to support other constrained devices and extend the network lifetime. Classification criteria is based on – Link stability, Mobility, Battery power and User preferences This node classification should be flexible and dynamic in order to allow nodes to change roles (e.g. 'Smart' node becomes a 'Dummy' node) The Attach – Detach procedure implemented with AODV. The smart nodes will establish link state relationships using OLSR and will share routing and service information.

7. Slide 7 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 ApplicationsApplications The main task during last period was to test voice sessions in the Ad Hoc framework. 1) Ready made stack: Vovida SIP client ported to iPaq Works with iPaq 3950 (model) Doesn’t work with iPaq 3850 (model) due to drivers problems Ad hoc routing currently tested with only one-hop because lack of equipment. The stack requires 5Mb plus excessive CPU resources. 2) Light-weight SIP stack under development Binary around 1Mb versus 5Mb of ready made Vovida stack Possibility to modify the media transport to improve performance in multi-hop Ad Hoc networks.

8. Slide 8 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 VoIP session testing Test case 1: Test-bed includes two nodes in a direct communication between them and a third node with Ethereal acting as sniffer to gather all the measurement data. Metrics: Use of timing information and a sequence number in RTP header. – packet delay – Packets loss – Sequence error – Jitter

9. Slide 9 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Test case 1 0,020208559 0,020222211 0,02028231 0,02016 0,02018 0,0202 0,02022 0,02024 0,02026 0,02028 0,0203 123 Test Time (sec) Nodes separated 2m, 10m and 40m Results: Same mean delay (20ms.) Jitter constant value between 29ms. and 34ms. Packet loss less than 1% (0.822%). Nodes separated 2m, 10m and 40m Results: Same mean delay (20ms.) Jitter constant value between 29ms. and 34ms. Packet loss less than 1% (0.822%).

10. Slide 10 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Test case 2 Including obstacles in the test environment.

11. Slide 11 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Test case 2 Results compared to Test 1: Similar mean delay (20.243ms). Similar packet loss. Similar jitter value between 12ms. and 34ms. Test 1 Test 2

12. Slide 12 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Test Case 3 Test case 3 has been performed but data has not been compiled yet.

13. Slide 13 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 ConclusionsConclusions The results show that media stream flow smoothly independently of the distance and obstacles. However, the user perception is bad due to lack of processing resources in the nodes, which delay the media processing. To be verified: The processing delay increases when node resources decrease. The delay also increases in multi hop routes. To be added: Light stack for real time (RT) applications optimised for low resources nodes. QoS module that signals increases in packet delay and triggers optimal route discovery. Establish and discover routes with nodes that have enough resources for RT sessions.

14. Slide 14 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Summary current status AODV routing protocol (updated) Completed OLSR routing protocol Completed ZRP routing protocol Initial testing, bug fixing Node classification Designed, algorithm developed Vovida SIP stack Test results Own SIP stack Code authoring Service discovery Reactive discovery implemented. Proactive service distribution (work under progress). Virtual backbones Under research Simulations Halted MAC layer driver Halted Location assisted routing Halted

15. Slide 15 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Further work Focus on: Finalise existing routing modules (i.e. ZRP) Complete the light-weight SIP stack under development with QoS optimisation. Create an Ad Hoc network based on groups of smart nodes that will create an “ad hoc backbone” Finalise the service discovery module (reactive service queries from dummy nodes and proactive service information exchange between smart nodes). Implement and integrate the cross-layer Service Discovery mechanism.

16. Slide 16 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Questions?Questions? Thank you for your attention! Thank you for your attention!

17. Slide 17 Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar, Raimo Kantola / MobileMAN meeting / Helsinki 7.6.2004 Task force: MobileMAN HUT (Raimo Kantola, Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar) HUT (Raimo Kantola, Jose Costa-Requena, Nicklas Beijar) Ad hoc Routing Framework Juan Guitiérrez (OLSR)-Until Dec. 03 Lei Xiao- Until Feb. 03 Jarrod Creado (ZRP) Ad hoc Routing Framework Juan Guitiérrez (OLSR)-Until Dec. 03 Lei Xiao- Until Feb. 03 Jarrod Creado (ZRP) Addressing & Resource Discovery Jose Costa-Requena Nicklas Beijar (Virtual Backbones) Unnikrishnan Balakrishnapillai (Service Discovery) Haresh Kumar Chandani (Resource Discovery) Addressing & Resource Discovery Jose Costa-Requena Nicklas Beijar (Virtual Backbones) Unnikrishnan Balakrishnapillai (Service Discovery) Haresh Kumar Chandani (Resource Discovery) Framework Services Wei Xiao (MAC driver) Olmo L'eon Cadamia (Service Discovery) Framework Services Wei Xiao (MAC driver) Olmo L'eon Cadamia (Service Discovery) Simulations Bo Jiang Simulations Bo Jiang Applications: SIP stack Mohammed Ayyash (Implementation) Javier Garcia Sanchez (Code Portability)-May 04 Applications: SIP stack Mohammed Ayyash (Implementation) Javier Garcia Sanchez (Code Portability)-May 04 Full time (4)Part time (5)Work completed (2)