1. Hello, Japan Chapter 20 Section 4 Notes

2. Japan’s Response to Imperialism Japan ruled themselves; Westerners did not rule in Japan Japan ruled themselves; Westerners did not rule in Japan Japan was a very traditional society until the Meiji Restoration Japan was a very traditional society until the Meiji Restoration The Meiji Restoration was when the Japanese got rid of their old ways and modernized government The Meiji Restoration was when the Japanese got rid of their old ways and modernized government Created a government and social system like those in the West Created a government and social system like those in the West All Japanese can choose the kind of work they want to All Japanese can choose the kind of work they want to Everyone should go to school Everyone should go to school People with a large amount of property could vote People with a large amount of property could vote Encouraged private citizens to start businesses, especially in industry Encouraged private citizens to start businesses, especially in industry Students and leaders were sent to Western countries to learn as much as possible about Western ideas Students and leaders were sent to Western countries to learn as much as possible about Western ideas There is an attempt to eliminate illiteracy (not being able to read/write) There is an attempt to eliminate illiteracy (not being able to read/write) By 1900 Japan accomplished a goal: first country in Asia to industrialize By 1900 Japan accomplished a goal: first country in Asia to industrialize

3. Japan won’t be imperialized…until they imperialize… Japan still feared the imperialists though because they didn’t want to be taken over Japan still feared the imperialists though because they didn’t want to be taken over So if you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em…Japan looked to BECOME imperialists So if you can’t beat ‘em, join ‘em…Japan looked to BECOME imperialists

4. Sino-Japanese War The fear of China taking Japan over led to the Sino- Japanese War The fear of China taking Japan over led to the Sino- Japanese War Japan wanted Korea Japan wanted Korea Korea was a colony of China—so China said no other countries could even enter Korea for any reason Korea was a colony of China—so China said no other countries could even enter Korea for any reason China didn’t want Japan taking Korea because China feared Japan controlling another country so close to them China didn’t want Japan taking Korea because China feared Japan controlling another country so close to them War broke out in Korea…surprisingly Japan won because of their modernization and preparedness War broke out in Korea…surprisingly Japan won because of their modernization and preparedness The Treaty of Shimonoseki forced China to give Korea its independence; Japan won present-day Taiwan and some other small islands near it The Treaty of Shimonoseki forced China to give Korea its independence; Japan won present-day Taiwan and some other small islands near it

5. Japanese Expansion Japan had arrived as a world power Japan had arrived as a world power Even after the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) Japan still dominated Korean government despite Korea’s official independence Even after the Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) Japan still dominated Korean government despite Korea’s official independence Boxer Rebellion (1900) in China led the Chinese to drive out any foreign influence by force Boxer Rebellion (1900) in China led the Chinese to drive out any foreign influence by force Therefore, most foreign countries begin pulling troops out of China Therefore, most foreign countries begin pulling troops out of China However, many Russian troops stayed in Manchuria (which is part of China)…Japan didn’t like that However, many Russian troops stayed in Manchuria (which is part of China)…Japan didn’t like that

6. Help! I Need Somebody! Help! Japan turned to Great Britain to stop Russia from dominating Manchuria Japan turned to Great Britain to stop Russia from dominating Manchuria The fact Britain was willing to align itself with Japan was great for Japanese prestige The fact Britain was willing to align itself with Japan was great for Japanese prestige The British-Japanese alliance also gave Japanese confidence to demand Russia remove its troops from Manchuria The British-Japanese alliance also gave Japanese confidence to demand Russia remove its troops from Manchuria

7. Russo-Japanese War When Russia refuses to leave, Japan attacks the Russians in Manchuria without declaring war and without the help of British (1904) When Russia refuses to leave, Japan attacks the Russians in Manchuria without declaring war and without the help of British (1904) What’s another time Japan attacked a country without first declaring war? What’s another time Japan attacked a country without first declaring war? Answer: Pearl Harbor…history repeats itself! Answer: Pearl Harbor…history repeats itself! After a year and a half of fighting, the Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) ended the war with a Japanese victory After a year and a half of fighting, the Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) ended the war with a Japanese victory Japan was recognized as the dominant power in Korea and gained control of Manchuria Japan was recognized as the dominant power in Korea and gained control of Manchuria

8. Japanese Domestic Issues: Modernization Good things: better medicine, higher standard of living Good things: better medicine, higher standard of living Bad result: overpopulation Bad result: overpopulation Protectionism in other countries hurt Protectionism in other countries hurt Here’s how: Here’s how: Japan needed to import many raw materials for industry Japan needed to import many raw materials for industry To pay for the raw materials, they needed to sell goods abroad To pay for the raw materials, they needed to sell goods abroad Other countries set high tariffs to protect their products…led to Japan paying high prices (no choice) Other countries set high tariffs to protect their products…led to Japan paying high prices (no choice)

9. Japanese Domestic Issues: Social Tensions Labor unions get stronger Labor unions get stronger Universal men’s suffrage (right to vote) granted in 1925 Universal men’s suffrage (right to vote) granted in 1925 Women can’t vote yet Women can’t vote yet Some Japanese turn to socialism/communism Some Japanese turn to socialism/communism Some Japanese question traditional Japanese value system Some Japanese question traditional Japanese value system

10. Guns = Fear Military saw discontent in Japanese citizens as a serious problem…why? Military saw discontent in Japanese citizens as a serious problem…why? Victory in WWI depended on troop strength AND controlling the spiritual and material resources of the nation Victory in WWI depended on troop strength AND controlling the spiritual and material resources of the nation The military thought that future wars would require the same unity of resources and morale as WWI to win The military thought that future wars would require the same unity of resources and morale as WWI to win Economic problems let the Japanese military get stronger…why were there economic problems? (hint: think of the time period between WWI and WWII) Economic problems let the Japanese military get stronger…why were there economic problems? (hint: think of the time period between WWI and WWII) Militarism in the future would be key to success: military needs, values, and goals shape a nation’s civilian lifestyles and its domestic and international policies Militarism in the future would be key to success: military needs, values, and goals shape a nation’s civilian lifestyles and its domestic and international policies