1. Ecosystems

2. What is an Ecosystem? An Ecosystem is a system of living things that interact with each other and with the physical world.

3. Ecosystem An ecosystem can be as large as the Sahara Desert, or as small as a puddle! Ecosystems are more than just the organisms they contain. Geography, weather, climate and geological factors also influence an Ecosystem.

4. Abiotic Factors Abiotic Factors include; Are non-living physical factors of an environment.

5. Biotic Factors Are the living, physical factors of an environment.

6. Ecosystems in Balance Ecosystems will fail if they do not remain in balance. No community can carry more organisms than its food, water and shelter can accommodate.

7. 7 Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids copyright cmassengale

8. 8 All energy on Earth comes originally from the SUN copyright cmassengale

9. 9 Photosynthesis Where green plants store the Sun’s energy through a Chemical reaction Where green plants store the Sun’s energy through a Chemical reaction copyright cmassengale ENERGY is stored in glucose Glucose is stored as starch in plants

10. copyright cmassengale10 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O +  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Photosynthesis carbon dioxide + water → carbohydrate + oxygen SUN LIGHT CHLOROPHYLL

11. 11 Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called PRODUCERS. copyright cmassengale

12. 12 most Producers use most of the energy they make for themselves. copyright cmassengale

13. 13 is not used. The energy that is not used by producers can be used by organisms that cannot make their own energy. copyright cmassengale

14. 14 CONSUMERS. Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS. copyright cmassengale

15. 15 Consumers that eat producers Are (1 st ) order or primary consumers Are herbivores (plant-eaters) copyright cmassengale

16. 16 Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat. Most of the energy the primary consumer gets is used by the consumer. Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat. copyright cmassengale

17. 17 A Consumer that Eats Another Consumer for Energy: a 2nd order or secondary Is called a 2nd order or secondary consumer May be a carnivore carnivore omnivore omnivore predator predator scavenger scavenger copyright cmassengale

18. 18 Most Most of the energy the secondary consumer gets from the primary consumer is used by the secondary consumer. copyright cmassengale

19. 19 A consumer that eats a consumer that already ate a consumer: Is called a 3rd order or tertiary consumer Is called a 3rd order or tertiary consumer May be a May be a carnivore carnivore omnivore omnivore predator predator scavenger scavenger copyright cmassengale

20. 20 The. The transfer of energy can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN. copyright cmassengale

21. 21 Food Chains Show Available Energy copyright cmassengale

22. 22 More Food Chains copyright cmassengale

23. 23 ENERGY PYRAMID Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID copyright cmassengale

24. 24 Energy Pyramids Show copyright cmassengale

25. Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers It takes a very large number of primary consumers to support a very small number of secondary consumers copyright cmassengale25

26. 26 Food Webs Are interconnected food chains They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem copyright cmassengale

27. 27 How Many Chains are in this web? copyright cmassengale

28. Symbiotic Relationships Parasitism-Benefits one species while another is harmed ie: tick on a Cow Mutualism- Both species benefit from the relationship ie A bird eats a tick and a cow benefits. commensalism Benefits one organism but doesn’t harm the other ie. A Remora fish hitches a ride on a shark. Simbiotic Relationships copyright cmassengale28