1. Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome UNIT #2

2. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 1)Polis: A Greek city-state. The fundamental political unit of Ancient Greece. 2)Acropolis: A fortified hilltop in an Ancient Greek city. 3)Autonomous: Acting independently, or at least having the freedom to do so.

3. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 4) Monarchy: A government in which power is in the hands of a single person, usually a King or Queen. 5) Tyrant: In Ancient Greece, a powerful individual who gained control of a city-state’s government by appealing to the poor people for support. 6) Oligarchy: A government in which power is in the hands of a few people – especially one in which rule is based on wealth.

4. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 7) Democracy: A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives. 8) Militarism: A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a standing army always prepared for war.

5. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 9) Persian Wars: A series of wars in the 5 th century B.C. in which Greek city-states battled the Persian Empire. 10) Peloponnesian War: A war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Sparta and its allies – this was a civil war. 11) Delian League: A Confederacy of Ancient Greek states under the leadership of Athens, with headquarters at Delos. This was founded as a result of the Persian Wars.

6. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 12) Philosophy: The study of truth, knowledge, reality, and existence. 13) The Parthenon: An Ancient Greek temple on the Athenian Acropolis that was dedicated to the goddess Athena. 14) Mythology: A collection of myths, especially one belonging to a particular religious or cultural tradition.

7. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 15) Alexander the Great: King of Macedonia and a military conqueror who helped spread Greek culture from Asia Minor & Egypt to India. 16) Hellenistic Culture: The period when Greek culture spread in the non-Greek world after Alexander's conquest.

8. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 17) Republic: A form of government in which power resides in the people, and the government is ruled by elected leaders run according to law. 18) Senate: An assembly or council of citizens having the highest deliberative functions in a government, especially a legislative assembly of a state or nation.

9. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 19) Punic Wars: A series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage. At the time, they were probably the largest wars that had ever taken place. 20) Pax Romana: The peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire.

10. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 21) Gladiators: A man, in Ancient Rome, trained to fight with weapons against other men or wild animals in an arena. 22) Circus Maximus: An ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy.

11. Please copy the following vocabulary words into your notebook: 23) Roman Empire: The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization. Headed by an Emperor, this is when Rome held large territorial holdings around the known world.