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Published byRandolf McCormick Modified over 9 years ago
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Hilly and wet
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Minoan 2700 – 1350 BCE Crete Minos
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Hellenics (2800 – 1060 BCE) Achaeans Peloponessus Aeolians Troy Ionians Aegean islands and coastal areas Dorians Attacked many fellow Hellenes
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Mycenaean (1900 – 1100 BCE) Gain power through seafaring and trade Develop great architecture and trade routes Chief competitor is Troy
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Collapse of Mycenaean authority Led to a “dark age” Polis Literally means “city” (Greek) Could also mean citizenship or body of citizens
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Aristocracy Ruling class of nobles who have wealth through agriculture Oligarchy Ruling class of nobles who are city-dwellers
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Peloponnesian Laconia THIS IS SPARTA!!! Founded Peloponnesian League Messenia Pylos, SW Peloponnesus Grow crops for Spartans Achaea Northern Peloponnesus
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Mainland Attica Athens Boeotia North and west of Attica Thebans Thessaly Northern mainland Mt. Olympus
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“Home of the Gods” 10,000 ft. high Highest point in Ancient Greece
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Delphi Oracle of Apollo
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Olympia National shrine Neutral city Panhellenic Games
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‘Pan’ + ‘Hellenic’ = “All Greeks” Founded in late 7 th Century BCE Four sites Olympia Delphi Nemea Isthmia Olympiad Four-year cycle Events: Chariot racing Wrestling Boxing Pankration Stadion Hoplitodromos Pentathalon Wrestling Stadion long jump Javelin throw Discus throw
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Location: Olympia Honored God: Zeus Prize: kotinos (olive wreath) Most important of games Once every four years
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Location: Delphi Honored God: Apollo Prize: laurel (bay leaves) Once every four years
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Location: Nemea Honored God: Nemea Prize: wild celery Once every two years
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Location: Isthmia Honored God: Poseidon Prize: pine Once every two years
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Acropolis “city on the extremity (height)” Agora “gathering place” Political and commercial space Center of city: Athletic Artistic Spiritual Politically
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Gymnasium Gymnos = naked Training facility for athletes Athletes competed nude Appreciation of male body Tribute to the gods Socializing Intellectual pursuits Patrons: Heracles, Hermes, and Theseus (Athens)
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Stadion (stadium) Big enough for twenty competitors 200 m Balbis Starting blocks
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Theatron (theater) “seeing place” Types of plays Tragedy “goat song” Human suffering Comedy Happy ending Satyr play Burlesque Patron: Dionysus
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Houses Gynaikeion Andron
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Hoplites Armored foot soldiers Phalanx
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