1. Plant and Animal Cells 2 Lesson 2 September 23 rd, 2010

2. Plant and Animal cell diagrams We will refer back to these diagrams all lesson Every time we go back to the diagram add the organelle name to your diagram

3. From Yesterday -Add these to your diagrams Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Nucleolus Chromatin

4. Vacuoles and Vesicles Membrane-bound organelles that store nutrients, wastes, and other substances used by the cell In plant cells, the central vacuole stores water for the cell. When water the cell, the central vacuole swells, causing the plant cell to become firm. Vesicles transport substances throughout the cell.

5. Vacuoles and Vesicles

6. Vacuole Central Vacuole Vesicle

7. Mitochondria Powerhouses of the cell. Reactions occur in these organelles to convert the chemical energy in sugar into energy that the cell can use. (Part of cellular respiration)

8. Mitochondria

9. Lysosomes Where digestion takes place. Small and round Filled with enzymes (natural catalysts) –A protein that can speed up chemical reaction in the cell. Break down invading bacteria and damaged cell organelles

10. Lysosome

11. Golgi Apparatus Receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for delivery throughout the cell or outside of the cell. Looks like a stack of flattened membranes

12. Golgi Apparatus

13. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Made of a series of interconnected small tubes that carry materials through the cell.

14. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Rough endoplasmic reticulum is associated with making proteins –ER that contains ribosomes Ribosomes are small, dense- looking organelles that may be attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm. –Sites where proteins are assembled.

15. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum –Associated with the production of fats and oils –Does not have ribosome's

16. Rough endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes (small dots)

17. Cytoskeleton Internal network of fibres of protein filaments. Maintains the cell’s shape.

18. Cytoskeleton

19. Organelles in Plant Cells Some organelles are found only in plant cells. Cell Wall Only plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some algae have a cell wall. The Rigid frame around the cell that provides strength, protection, and support

20. Cell Wall

21. Chloroplasts Only in plant cells and some algae. Contain a green substance called chlorophyll. –Uses energy from the Sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen in a process called photosynthesis.

22. Chloroplasts

23. –Made up of little sacs known as thylakoids. Resemble a stack of coins. Surrounded by a thick fluid called stroma. –A stack of thylakoids is called a granum

24. Differences between Plant and Animal Cells - Plants Contain Chlorophyll – photosynthesis Large central Vacuole Store energy in the forms such as cornstarch and oil

25. Differences between Plant and Animal Cells - Animals Small Vacuole Store energy in form of glycogen, carbohydrates, and lipids (fat) Some have specialized compounds for haemoglobin and cholesterol

26. Differences between Plant and Animal Cells - Animals Centrioles – Paired structures used in cell division. Cilia or flagellum –used for movement

27. Homework Finish Lab and hand in Finish and hand in questions 1-5