1. Chapter 12 Preserving Aquatic Biodiversity

2. Marine biodiversity
Marine biodiversity is higher in coral reefs and estuaries because of more habitats and nutrients.
3.5 billion people depend on the sea for their primary source of food.
food antibiotics coral is used to reconstruct bones
Anticancer drugs

3. Invasive Water Hyacinths

4. Great Pacific Trash Vortex

5. In Wisconsin an invasive is a common carp

6. Case Study: Industrial Fish Harvesting Methods
Trawler fishing-catch fish that live near the ocean floor such as shrimp, cod and flounder
disturbs the ocean floor
Purse-seine fishing - huge net to catch tuna may also snare dolphins
Longlining- some of these lines may be as long as 80 miles may catch unwanted fish and endangered species
Drift-net fishing_(gill net)--- catches the fish by the gills may catch unwanted fish and also result in overfishing of an area

7. Natural Capital Degradation: Area of Ocean Bottom Before and After a Trawler

8. Hawaiian Monk Seal Plastics tend to tangle and snarl wildlife

9. An Endangered Leatherback Turtle is Entangled in a Fishing Net

10. Bycatch- usually smaller fish that are caught as a consequence of catching larger fish

11. Deep sea aquaculture cage
Fish farming in cage
Trawler fishing
Sonar
Spotter airplane
Purse-seine fishing
Drift-net fishing
Float
Buoy
Fish caught by gills
Long line fishing
lines with hooks
Figure 11.7
Major commercial fishing methods used to harvest various marine species. These methods have become so effective that many fish species have become commercially extinct.
Deep sea aquaculture cage
Stepped Art
Fig. 11-7, p. 256

12. Legal Protection of Some Endangered and Threatened Marine Species
Why is it hard to protect marine biodiversity?
Human ecological footprint and fishprint are expanding
Much of the damage in the ocean is not visible
The oceans are incorrectly viewed as an inexhaustible resource
Most of the ocean lies outside the legal jurisdiction of any country

13. EVERGLADES River of Grass”: south Florida, U.S. Since 1948: damaged
Drained
Diverted
Paved over
Nutrient pollution from agriculture
Invasive plant species
1947: Everglades National Park unsuccessful protection project

14. Natural Capital Restoration: Wetland Restoration in Canada

15. Chapter 12 Readings (case studies)
Chapter 12 Readings  (case studies)
    p.250 on High Tech Ocean Exploration
     Page 254 on Industrial Harvesting Methods
     p.256 on the Florida Manatee
     p. 259 on the Blue whale
     p. 263 on restoring a wetland

16. FUN FRIDAY REVIEW People 1. John ____________Society?
2. __________ Carson
3. Wrote the “Jungle” which exposed conditions in the US meat packing industry.
4. First “big” environmental president.

17. PLACES 5. 1986 Nuclear accident city
6. _____________ aquifer in the United States mid west.
7. Volcanic eruption in the state of Washington in 1980.
8. _______ mile island
9. A river in the western United States that is having very reduced flow. Hint: it bears a states name.

18. Legal Write out the FULL name of these legal abbreviations
10. CITES
11. MMPA of 1972
12. U.S. ESA of 1973
13. SMCRA

19. Names for groups of mammals These are not in the book.
14. baboons
15. oxen
16. rhinoceri
17. moose
18. elks
19. lions
20. camels

20. Speeding up recovery of damaged ecosystems
14__________________ ecosystems may include sinking old tires or creating a wetland to reduce flooding.
15. ____________trying to return a particular degraded habitat to a condition close to its natural state.

21. Marine life zones Open ocean (pelagic zone) estuary abyssal zone
Coral reefs bathyal zone