1. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe Bentley & Ziegler, TRADITIONS AND ENCOUNTERS, 2/e

2. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

3. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther Reform Outside Germany Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

4. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther Reform Outside Germany John Calvin Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

5. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Catholic Reformation The Council of Trent Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

6. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Catholic Reformation The Council of Trent St. Ignatius Loyola Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

7. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom The Catholic Reformation The Council of Trent St. Ignatius Loyola The Society of Jesus Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

8. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom Witch-Hunts and Religious Wars Witch-Hunting Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

9. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom Witch-Hunts and Religious Wars Witch-Hunting Religious Wars Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

10. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Fragmentation of Western Christendom Witch-Hunts and Religious Wars Witch-Hunting Religious Wars The Thirty Years’ War Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

11. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The Attempted Revival of Empire Charles V Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe Sixteenth-Century Europe

12. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The Attempted Revival of Empire Charles V Imperial Fragmentation Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

13. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The Attempted Revival of Empire Charles V Imperial Fragmentation Foreign Challenges Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

14. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The New Monarchs Finance Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

15. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The New Monarchs Finance State Power Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

16. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The New Monarchs Finance State Power The Spanish Inquisition Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe Heretics Burned at the Stake

17. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States Constitutional States and Absolute Monarchies Constitutional States Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

18. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States Constitutional States and Absolute Monarchies Constitutional States Absolutism Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

19. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States Constitutional States and Absolute Monarchies Constitutional States Absolutism The Sun King Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe “L’etat, c’est moi.” - King Louis XIV

20. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States Constitutional States and Absolute Monarchies Constitutional States Absolutism The Sun King Absolutism Outside France Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

21. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The European States System The Peace of Westphalia Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe Europe after the Peace of Westphalia, 1648

22. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The European States System The Peace of Westphalia The Balance of Power Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

23. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. The Consolidation of Sovereign States The European States System The Peace of Westphalia The Balance of Power Military Development Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

24. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Population Growth and Urbanization American Food Crops Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

25. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Population Growth and Urbanization American Food Crops Population Growth Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

26. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Population Growth and Urbanization American Food Crops Population Growth Urbanization Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

27. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Early Capitalism and Protoindustrialization The Nature of Capitalism Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

28. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Early Capitalism and Protoindustrialization The Nature of Capitalism Supply and Demand Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

29. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Early Capitalism and Protoindustrialization The Nature of Capitalism Supply and Demand Joint-Stock Companies Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

30. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Early Capitalism and Protoindustrialization The Nature of Capitalism Supply and Demand Joint-Stock Companies Politics and Empire Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

31. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Early Capitalism and Protoindustrialization The Nature of Capitalism Supply and Demand Joint-Stock Companies Politics and Empire The Putting-Out System Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

32. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Social Change in Early Modern Europe Profit and Ethics Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

33. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Early Capitalist Society Social Change in Early Modern Europe Profit and Ethics The Nuclear Family Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

34. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Reconception of the Universe The Ptolemaic Universe Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

35. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Reconception of the Universe The Ptolemaic Universe Planetary Movement Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

36. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Reconception of the Universe The Ptolemaic Universe Planetary Movement The Copernican Universe Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

37. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Scientific Revolution Galileo Galilei Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

38. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Scientific Revolution Galileo Galilei Isaac Newton Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

39. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Enlightenment Science and Society Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

40. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Enlightenment Science and Society Voltaire Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

41. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Enlightenment Science and Society Voltaire Deism Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

42. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Science and Enlightenment The Enlightenment Science and Society Voltaire Deism The Theory of Progress Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe

43. Copyright ©2002 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Sources From The Past: Adam Smith on the Capitalist Market Chapter Twenty-Four: The Transformation of Europe “Every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command. It is in his own advantage, indeed, and not that of society, which he has in view…” - An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations