1. IEEE Smart Village Configurations

2. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 2 IEEE Smart Village PV Configurations Presented by: Dr. Robin Podmore V.P. PES New Initiatives and Outreach Co-Chair IEEE Smart Village

3. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 3 Background From 2009 to 2015 IEEE Smart Village has funded projects in Haiti, Cameroon, South Sudan, Nigeria, Kenya, Namibia, Zambia and Ladakh, India. Projects have included primarily PV Solar and some wind systems. Based upon the actual technical and commercial operating experience with these systems a number of configurations have evolved.

4. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 4 Objectives Ensure different configurations can be assembled from a common core of components. Systems can be expanded and upgraded as customers move up the energy consumer scale. NGO partners can select and configure the appropriate system depending upon their own budgets, customer budgets, local conditions and competing options. Provide common Remote Monitoring and Control (RMAC) for components across all systems.

5. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 5 SV Energy Kiosk – Sun Blazer Customer carries Portable Battery Kit (PBK) back and forth Typically recharge every 3 - 10 days PV panel capacity of 0.5 kW. UBK 12 AH Can support 50 homes FOB Cost for 50 homes ~ $4,000 – Cost per home $80.00 Customer pays $6 to $10 per month

6. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 6 SV Solar Home System Local solar panel – typically 50 – 100 W. Local battery 5 AH to 38AH SV Open Source Charge Controller developed 12 Volt DC distribution and appliances Looking for manufacturer FOB Cost for 100 homes ~ ??

7. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 7 SV Solar Home System Likonge – Customers want more power. They want to power a TV (20 watt) – 100 watt panel They want a 38 AH battery - $100 They will pay $15 per month forever They will pay with a Memory stick that they bring once per month

8. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 8 SV AC Micro-Grid Covers homes and businesses in 1 kM radius Typical 5 kW to 25 kW of PV Solar Panels 220 v AC distribution system UBKs used for local home storage – drive DC appliances AC supply to drive AC appliances UBKs charged from grid or local PV panel Central batteries are smaller Need to meter AC and DC consumption Inverter

9. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 9 IEEE Smart Village Universal Battery Kit (UBK)

10. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 10 UBK Functions 1.Portable Battery Kit 2.Charge controller and battery for Solar Home System 3.Local storage battery in a Micro-grid

11. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 11 UBK Requirements Charging from various sources: 100 – 250 VAC Solar Panels: 12 – 48V (nominal) Direct DC Sources (Actual: 10.5 – 60 VDC) Protection Low voltage: 10.9V High voltage: 14.6V 75 W maximum load Thermal, Overload, Short-circuit 08/07/13

12. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 12 UBK Requirements Outputs USB 3.0 Charging (5V, 2A) 12V 5A x 3 (one standard car outlet) Multi-Battery Chemistry compatible VRLA AGM LiFePO4 Low cost per cycle Size 18 Ah – 38 AH 08/07/13

13. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 13 UBK Requirements Extreme affordability is important – $5 Box – $5 charge controller and LVD – $20 12 AH battery – $100 38 AH battery Form factor is important Programmable with open source code.

14. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 14 UBK Remote Monitoring and Control Important for tracking component performance Improved customer service Option to turn off device if payments are not made. Provides reporting to funders on how their investment is working. Options increasing expense: – Memory stick – WiFi – GPRS modem

15. Copyright 2015, IEEE Smart Village 15 UBK Remote Monitoring and Control Millions of devices. Usage sampled every 5 minutes. Use stored for all time on cloud Secure access with permissions Secure from hackers Applications for health monitoring Track customer, location, use every 5 minutes Interface to cell phone payment Can be viewed on google maps background