1. 1. Colonization 2. Conquest 3. Industrialization 4. famine Which pair of forces above most influenced the early history of South America?

2. 1. Colonization 2. Conquest

3. Who is responsible for helping many South American countries today gain independence from Europeans rule ? A.George Washington B.Francisco Pizzaro C.Simon Bolivar D.Hugo Chavez

4. C. Simon Bolivar

5. Which religion is MOST dominant in South America?

6. Roman Catholic

7. Which event likely led to this large dominance by one religion in Central and South America ? A. Spanish colonization of Brazil. B. Portuguese colonization of Brazil C.Spanish and Portuguese colonization of Latin America. D.Incan religion spread through the continent.

8. C. Spanish and Portuguese colonization of Latin America

9. I. African II. European III. Native Which groups above mixed to shape the culture of South America? A.I, II, III C. II, III B.I, II D. I, III

10. I. African II. European III. III. Native. (all three)

11. Which of the following is TRUE about migration and its effect on S.A. A.Europeans migrated to S.A. bringing new cultural influences to colonies they conquered. B.African came to the continent as slaves, increasing the work force. C.Incas migrated eastward into Brazil. D. Both A and B are true.

12. D. Both A & B are true

13. Based on this map, which of the following is true? A.Deposits of coal and oil are mostly on the edges B.Silver and gold are usually found in the rainforest. C.Countries with natural gas are all located in the central part of the continent. D. All of the above are true.

14. Deposits of coal and oil are located mostly on the edges of the continent.

15. Due to the dominance of one religion in a region – what negative result:

16. Disregarding rights of people in other religions because of their numbers are small Providing opportunities such as days off for religious holidays, for only people in the dominant religion.

17. Social clashes, such as argument and violence, between religious groups

18. All three are true.

19. Logging is a primary industry in Brazil. What makes this industry possible? A.Cool climate B.Abundant minerals C.Numerous forests D.Rich topsoil

20. C. Numerous Forests

21. What accounts for the population density of Population density of Peru and Chile? 1.Lack of natural resources 2.Narrow area of fertile land bordered by desert and mountains 3.Large area with access to the sea for trade 4. Dense rainforest.

22. B. Narrow area of fertile land bordered by desert and mountains.

23. What generalization can be made regarding the midsection of S.A. A.Where the Spanish colonized, the largest population center developed. B.The dense rainforest has prevented the growth of population centers and the development of other resources.

24. B.The dense rainforest has prevented the growth of population centers and the development of other resources.

25. What geographic factor makes it easier for Peru and Chile to protect their natural resources? A. Location of the Pacific Ocean B. Dense population C. Location of the Andes Mountains D. Extreme climate

26. C. Location of the Andes Mountains

27. Which of the following is NOT a Country in South America A.Brazil B.Peru C.Colombia D.Cuba

29. Which statement is true of the southern portion of South America? A.Its seasons are opposite of the U.S. B.Many tourist go there for the beaches. C.You can travel easily across an isthmus of North America.

30. A.Its seasons are opposite of the U.S.

31. Which of the following is not used by geographers dividing S.A. into cultural regions? 1.Forms of government 2.Climate 3.Religion 4.Language

32. 2. Climate is not a cultural factor

33. Which cultural trait MOST separates Brazil from the other nations of S.A. A.Religion B.Language C.Government D.Economy

34. Brazil – Portuguese Most people in South America speak Spanish.

35. What is significant about the Amazon River? A.It is S.A. only water source B.It is the highest elevated river that ships can still travel c.It is the second longest river in the world.

36. C. It is the second longest river in the world.