2. 前 言前 言 《英语课程标准》 语言技能是构成语言交际能力的重要组成 部分。语言技能包括听、说、读、写四方面 的技能以及四种技能的综合运用能力。 “Grammaring( 语法技能 ) is the ability to use grammar structures accurately, meaningfully and appropriately. It requires ackownledging that grammar can be regarded as a fifth skill.” --D. Larsen-Freeman

3. 1. The Teaching Materials; 2. The Students; 3. The Teaching Objectives; 4. The Teaching Focus and Difficulties; 5. The Teaching and Study Methods; 6. The Teaching Procedures; 7. The Teaching Aids.

4. 1.1 Contents Part A in Language section, Unit 7, Book 7A, Oxford English. Teaching Materials

5. 1.2 Status and Function It is the first time that the present perfect tense is presented to the students systematically in Oxford English. Moreover, the present perfect tense is one of the most important grammar items in the New Standard of English Lesson. Therefore, this lesson is of great help for the students’ further study. Teaching Materials

6. 2. The Students The students in Class 2, Junior 1 (1) At different levels; (2) Below the average level of the whole grade; (3) Having less good study habits skills and strategies than the other students in the grade; (4) Having some interest in learning English. The Students

7. 3.1 Perception Objectives: A.The students are able to understand the form of the present perfect; B. The students are able to understand the use of the present prefect talking about the finished actions; C. The students are able to use “already” and “yet” with the present perfect. Teaching Objectives

8. 3.2 Ability Objective: The students are able to use the present perfect tense to talk about their daily experiences and express their thoughts in the proper scenes. Teaching Objectives

9. 3.3 Emotion Objectives: A.To increase their interest and set up self- confidence in language study; B. To have a consciousness of good co-operation and proper competition through the group work and pair work. Teaching Objectives

10. Figure 1. Units of the Three Dimensions Grammar is a dynamic system and grammaring is the ability to use grammar structures accurately, meaningfully and appropriately.

11. 4.1 Teaching Focus: A.the form of the present perfect tense; B. the meaning of the present perfect tense (talking about the present as well as the past) Teaching Focus and Difficulties

12. The challenge principle( 挑战原则 ) says that one of the three dimensions almost always affords the greatest long-term challenge to language students. 4.2 Teaching Difficulties: We use this tense to talk about a past or finished action. Teaching Focus and Difficulties

13. 5. 1 Teaching Methods: A.The Inductive Method; B. The Task-based Language Teaching Method C. the Communicative Teaching method Teaching and Study Methods

14. 5. 2 Studying Methods: A.The Investigative Method B. Group Work and Pair Work Teaching and Study Methods

15. Teaching Procedures Step 1 Setting the scene Step 2 the Present Perfect Tense Step 3 Already and Yet Step 4 More Practice Step 5 Consolidation Step 6 Assignment The Teaching Objectives

16. Step 1 Activities Reasons Broadcast an extraction from the film CJ7. Introduce the present perfect tense to the students. To draw the students’ attention and arouses their interest Setting The Scene Teaching Procedures

17. Step 2 Activities Reasons 1. Picture talk. Present Perfect Tense Providing several daily life scenes to the students Teaching Procedures

18. Picture talk The lunch boxes are clean. They have washed their lunch boxes.

19. Step 2 Activities Reasons 2 Let the students discuss in pairs and complete Study Tip 1. The students induce the grammar rules by observing. Present Perfect Tense Teaching Procedures

20. Study Tip1. The Present Perfect （现在完成时） Form: (1) _____/ _______+ past participle ( 过去分词 ) ( 其中 (2) _______ 用于第三人称单 数，如 he, she, it) 这个时态 (3) ______________. A. 只表示过去发生的事情 B. 只表示现在发生的事情 C. 表示已发生的事情对现在有影响 have has has

21. Step 2 Activities Reasons 3. Present two pictures. Let the students make more dialogues. To fire the students’ imagination, deepen the students’ understanding, mobilize their enthusiasm and creativity. Present Perfect Tense Teaching Procedures

22. A: Well, they look happy. B: Because they have passed the exam. Can you make more dialogues after the model?

23. Step 3 Activities Reasons 1. Show a picture. Let the students talk about what Mrs. Zhu has already done and what she hasn’t done. To avoid the lifelessness from the pure drills and create the conditions of a relaxing atmosphere for students. Already and Yet Teaching Procedures

24. Can you find out what Mrs. Zhu has already done and what she has not done yet? Can you find out what Mrs. Zhu has already done and what she has not done yet?

25. Step 3 Activities Reasons 2. Study Tip 2 Already and Yet The students induce the grammar rules by practicing and being given enough appropriate examples. 3. Check the pre- class task 1 Already and Yet Teaching Procedures

26. Step 4 Activities Reasons Situation 1 Talk about the outside class activities. Situation 2 Write a letter. To have improvement in exchanging information during the communicating activities. More Practice Teaching Procedures

27. Dear Peter, I _____ _____ ________(already, receive) your letter. I am very happy now, because I _____ _____ __________ (already, attend) the _____ club. We ______ ______ (have) a great time, and we ______ ______(learn) a lot. You know, I am not interested in ___________, so I ________________ ____________________________. (not join…yet) My partner, _______________________________ _________________________________________ With best wishes! Yours _____________ have already received have already attended havehad have learnt

28. Step 5 Activities Reasons Review the study tips. Make sure and consolidate the knowledge they have learnt. Consoli- dation Teaching Procedures

29. Step 6 Activities Reasons 1.Finish off Book A, Unit 7, Language A. (Prescribed) 2. Finish off Book B, Unit 7, Integration A2. (Optional) The assignment is designed to meet the need of the students at different levels. Assign- ment Teaching Procedures

30. Teaching Aids A.Multi-media computer; B.Powerpoint; C.School things. Teaching Aids