1. Puritanism & William Bradford

2. Leaving England Many Puritans were often, in Bradford’s words, “taken and clapped up in prison” or “had their houses beset and watched night and day…” WHY???

3. The North: Puritanism Developed from theories of John Calvin and the Protestant movement that separated from the Catholic Church of England No adornment or ceremony…only fervent, unrelenting belief in God literal reading of Christian scriptures –Vast departure from Catholic interpretation of scriptures

4. Drastic reforms in Church of England at a price Jailed Fined Whipped Cut off tops of ears Burned with hot iron Slit nose Despite all of this, most Puritans left Europe reluctantly

5. Puritan Beliefs Grace Plainness Divine Mission

6. Grace---the miracle by which God grants some people the ability to truly love Radical change of feelings Cleanse themselves of envy, vanity, and lust so as to love God and God’s creation wholeheartedly Prayer, church-going, or Bible reading will not make people love what they do not love Feelings only changed through grace This is a never-ending voyage---examining feelings looking for signs of grace

7. Plainness Return Christianity to simplest forms of worship described in the New Testament No decoration or ornamentation Churches as well as practice Eliminated whatever religious practices had come into being since the time of Christ (direct contrast to Catholics)

8. Divine Mission--- Conviction of carrying to America true Christianity as decreed by God Life in New World Be an example for the rest of the world the notion of “The American Dream”--- distinctive idiom –An idiom is a term or phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal definitions and the arrangement of its parts, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through common use.

9. Spiritual autobiography Diaries kept by many Puritans attempted to trace the rise of grace in their souls. Those achieving grace told of their experiences in spiritual autobiographies Magnalia Christi Americana (The Great Works of Christ in America) (1702) by Cotton Mather

10. The fall of Puritanism Lasted only about a century Zeal of 1 st settlers began to fade as villages and towns in New England grew Religion came under attack with the new Age of Reason New generations just didn’t risk slit noses for it any longer Revived briefly in 1740s with the Great Awakening; but it was short-lived

11. William Bradford Left Holland aboard the Mayflower in 1692 Became governor of Plymouth (re-elected 33 times) Recorded annual events about founding and settlement of Plymouth (270 pages) Not published for 200 years

13. Of Plymouth Plantation Published for 1 st time in 1856 as History of Plymouth Plantation Recollections of the founding of Plymouth Over time, Bradford’s tone grows more mournful, especially over the exodus from Plymouth

14. Vocabulary (in context) Loath---reluctant or unwilling Sundry---several, various, different Lusty---strong; hearty