1. TECHNOLOGY GUIDE TWO Computer Software

2. TECHNOLOGY GUIDE OUTLINE TG2.1 Significance of Software TG2.2 Systems Software TG2.3 Application Software TG2.4 Software Issues TG2.5 Programming Languages

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Differentiate between the two major types of software. Describe the general functions of the operating system. Describe the major types of application software.

4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued) Describe the major software issues that organizations face today. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open-source software. Explain how software has evolved and consider trends for the future.

5. TG2.1 Significance of Software Computer program Stored program concept Documentation

6. Significance of Software (continued)

7. Types of Software System software Application software

8. TG2.2 Systems Software System control programs Operating system Apple OS X Leopard

9. Functions of the Operating System Multitasking/multiprogramming Multithreading Multiprocessing Virtual Memory Graphical user interface (GUI) Social interface

10. Example of Social Interface Using an Avatar Avatar

11. System Support Programs System support programs System utilities System performance monitors System security monitors

12. TG2.3 Application Software Proprietary application software Contract software Off-the-shelf application software Package

13. TG2.4 Software Issues Software defects Software evaluation and selection Software licensing Open systems Open source software Software-as-a-Service

14. TG2.5 Programming Languages First-generation language or Machine Language Second-generation language or Assembly language Third-generation language or Procedural language Fourth-generation language or Non- procedural language Visual programming languages

15. Object-Oriented Languages Object-Oriented Languages: Programming language that encapsulate a small amount of data with instructions about what to do with data. Methods Object Encapsulation Reusability feature

16. Hypertext Markup Language and Extensible Markup Language Hypertext Hyperlinks Hypertext document Hypertext markup language (HTML) Extensible markup language (XML)

17. Comparison of HTML and XML