2. The Internet It’s a jungle out there …

3. In the beginning …  The Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (ARPANET) is the predecessor to the Internet: –Developed at the request of the Department of Defense by a team of visionary computer scientists –Launched in 1969 –Its peer-to-peer networking philosophy and protocols were copied in other networks in the 1980s –Disbanded in 1990, having fulfilled its research mission, but its technology spawned the Internet

4. THE INTERNET  The Internet: an interconnected network of thousands of networks –Links academic, research, government, and commercial institutions  Connects computers all over the world. –Growing too fast to measure its growth –Too decentralized to quantify –A network with no hard boundaries

5. How does the information flow?  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP… –At the heart of the Internet –Allows cross-network communication

6. TCP  Transmission Control Protocol breaks messages into packets –Each packet has all the information needed to travel from network to network

7. IP Address  Host systems called routers determine how to route transmissions –IP is the address for the packets –Each Internet host computer has a unique IP address (about 3.3 billion available) –Each address is comprised of four sets of numbers separated by periods, such as 123.23.168.22

8. Address for the  www.thestar.ca is really 192.206.150.210 www.thestar.ca

9. Internet Addresses  The host is named using DNS (domain name system), which translates IP addresses into a string of names –Top-level domains include:.edu - educational sites.com - commercial sites.gov - government sites.mil - military sites.net - network administration sites.org – non-profit organizations

10. Internet Addresses Ctd.  Every country also has a unique domain.ca – Canada.us – United States.uk – United Kingdom.jp – Japan.tv - Tuvalu

11. $ Tuvalu $  11,636 people on a tiny group of islands  In 2000 a California company DotTV agreed to pay Tuvalu $50 million for the right to auction.tv domains for the next 12 years.

12. Web page Protocols  HTML was created for encoding and displaying documents  An HTML document includes code that determines the format, layout, and structure of a Web document  Hyper Text Markup Language  Hyperlink – a link to another document Hyperlink

13. What the “www”  World Wide Web  Designed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee a scientist  An easy method of surfing the Internet (loading documents)

14. Life before WWW

15. URL need this …  Uniform Resource Locator - a standard naming scheme for every information resource on the Internet  A typical URL looks like this:  http://www.bwdsb.on.ca/

16. URL Breakdown http://www.uoguelph.ca/admissions/event/index.cfm Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Domain Name Domain Extension Path File Resource

17. Web browser  An application for viewing documents from remote locations  They translate HTML into readable text and pictures

18. Internet Access ConnectionSpeedSlower when Cost ($)/month Dialup Phone and modem 56 KbsModem is junk $10-20 DSL Shares phone line Up to 50x faster Further you are from switch $40-50 Cable Shares cable TV line Up to 100x faster More users online $40-50

19. Sources  http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/chap2.htm http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/chap2.htm  http://computer.howstuffworks.com/nat.htm http://computer.howstuffworks.com/nat.htm  http://www.toolsforselling.com/v1/1/iplookup. htm http://www.toolsforselling.com/v1/1/iplookup. htm  http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-whois.htm http://www.iana.org/cctld/cctld-whois.htm  http://www.informationweek.com/story/IWK2 0000414S0001 http://www.informationweek.com/story/IWK2 0000414S0001  http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/ geos/tv.html http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/ geos/tv.html