1. Essential Question: What makes a culture unique?
Life in Spanish Texas
Essential Question: What makes a culture unique?
Video of how the Spanish attempted to convert Native Americans to Catholicism

2. Mission Life: Friars
Friars: Daily lives were routine and well ordered.
Jobs of the Friars:
Bring Native Americans into the mission so they would adopt its routine or work, prayer, and meals.
Teach Native Americans the Spanish language and customs, farming and ranching, as well as trades (masonry, blacksmithing, pottery making, weaving)
Make the Natives accept Catholicism and be baptized
Provided the religious needs of Spanish soldiers and settlers

3. During the colonization period, Spain established missions in order to
Provide lodging for Spanish soldiers and citizens of Spain
Learn new ways of farming from Native Texans
Teach Native Texans new skills and convert them to the Catholic religion
Provide Native Texans protection from French attacks C

4. …it forms a perfect square, is built of stone, and on each of the four sides, 600 feet in length, there is an entrance. On diagonal corners there are two towers, each of which protects two sides of the building. The living quarters for the Indians, which form a part of the outer wall, are from 15 to 18 feet in length, 12 in width.
This excerpt from Father de Solis’ diary and the visual most likely describe a
A. French trading post
B. Spanish mission
C. Spanish settlement
D. Native American village B

5. Mission Life: Native Americans
Native Americans: Not forced to live at a mission (agreed to stay for protection from enemies)
Could leave the mission to practice traditions (their own cultural events, hunting, or trading)
Life at the Mission:
Began the day with prayer and religious instruction followed by breakfast
Then, it was time to work (farming, tending livestock, learning a trade or craft)
At noon, gathered for lunch, rested, and then returned to work until sundown.
After more religious practice, they ate and then slept.

6. A Soldier’s Life Alternated between excitement and boredom
Jobs of the Soldiers:
Protect the mission and settlers from attacks by the French and raids by Native Americans
Sometimes sent out to help bring Natives who left back to the missions
Conducted supply trains
Escorted groups of settlers
Carried the mail
Routine tasks (tending horses
and maintaining the presidio)
Guard duty
A Soldier’s Life

7. A Soldier’s Life
Pay was low and often late due to the isolated locations of presidios
Had to buy their own uniforms, guns, ammunition, and food
Bought supplies from officers who overcharged, forcing soldiers to stay to pay off debts

8. Life for a presidio soldier was difficult because they …
Were in constant danger and received little pay.
Relied on the priests to provide their uniforms, weapons, and equipment.
Were unable to marry or have children
Had to live on the missions with the Native Americans A

9. B The information above describes a Spanish mission Presidio
Provide military support for missions and settlements
Protect colonists from attacks by Native Texans
Four tall walls and lookout points at each corner
Barracks for soldiers and a chapel
The information above describes a
Spanish mission
Presidio
French fort
Spanish town B

10. Settlements and a New Heritage
Settlers were often the wives and children of the soldiers.
As settlements grew, they attracted craft workers and merchants.
San Antonio (Hired teachers, founded the community’s first school)
Races and cultures mingled and mixed (Spanish, Mexican, Native American, and African ancestry intermarried and raised children)

12. Settlements and a New Heritage
Locations of missions were far enough from Mexico that residents began to develop a unique culture
Tejanos (Mexicans in Texas)
Mestizos (mixed Spanish and Native American heritage)
Both enslaved and free African Americans

14. Life for Native Americans
Advantages of Mission Life:
Protection from enemies
Greater and more dependable supply of food
Maintain their own traditions (hunting and trading)

15. Life for Native Americans
Reasons why many missions failed:
Disinterest
Disease
Enjoyed their traditional lifestyles (their way of living)
Deaths from diseases

16. Which of the following reasons made it difficult for native Texans to adapt to mission life?
Native Texans were not good farmers
Native Texans were afraid of the priests.
Native Texans were asked to change their way of life
Native Texans wanted to live in one place. C

18. Defining Characteristics?
Dates
Defining Characteristics
Important People
1690-Late 1700s
Mission Building
Fray Damian Massanet
Jose de Escandon
Antonio Margil de Jesus
Francisco Hidalgo
1718
San Antonio
Father Olivares and Alcaron built the Alamo
1719
Chicken Wars
Blondel (French)
Ramon ordered the retreat to San Antonio
1821
Mexican Independence
Father Miguel Hidalgo
What is the best title for the graphic above?
Era of French Exploration and Settlement in Texas
Era of Native American Migration in Texas
Spanish Colonial Era
Anglo Colonization of Texas Era C