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Brain development. The beginning Spinal chord and PNS.

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Presentation on theme: "Brain development. The beginning Spinal chord and PNS."— Presentation transcript:

1 Brain development

2 The beginning

3

4

5 Spinal chord and PNS

6 Migration of cells from spinal chord to periphery.

7 Development of motor neurons Alignment of sensory and motor neurons (motor & proprioception) Proper CPG and reflexes require proper development of local circuits

8 Anterior segments Hindbrain Midbrain Mesencephalon Diencephalon Telencephalon Signaling cascades govern Cell differentiation & Migration

9 Eyes

10 Cortical layers Glial fibers

11 Olfactory neurons From sub-ventricular zone to olfactory bulb

12 Setting up the connections Where and when should the axon grow?

13 Eyes to brain Setting up topography…

14 Motor neurons to muscles Setting up innervation

15 Cell death

16 Nerve growth factor Cells are programed to die unless they get NGF….

17 Synaptic pruning - PNS Competition among synapses

18 Synaptic pruning - CNS

19 Occular dominance in a neonate monkey V1

20 Synaptic pruning is activity dependent Hebbian learning

21 Synapses during development

22 Synaptic plasticity Map space with inter-aural differences

23 Synaptic plasticity

24 Axonal projections from the Inferior Coliculus to the visual tectum shift. This shift can only happen in young owls…

25 Critical periods A developmental period with enhanced plasticity. Imprinting

26 Critical periods Bird song development

27 Critical periods

28 Innervation of primary visual cortex


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