1. Settling the Plains and Farms Read and Notes 214-218

2. Blue Tailed Fly When I was young I us'd to wait On the boss and hand him his plate; and Pass down the bottle when he got dry, And brush away the blue tail fly. refrain (repeated each verse): Jim crack corn and I don't care, My master's gone away. An' when he ride in de afternoon, I foiler wid a hickory broom; De poney being berry shy, When bitten by de blue tail fly. One day he rode aroun' de farm, De flies so numerous dey did swarm; One chance to bite 'im on the thigh, De debble take dat blu tail fly. De pony run, he jump an' pitch, An' tumble massa in de ditch; He died, an' de jury wonder'd why De verdic was de blue tail fly. They buried him 'neath the sycamore tree His epitaph there for to see "Beneath this stone I'm forced to lie The victim of a blue-tailed Fly."

3. Movement Westward Railroad land Grants make Union and Central Pacific largest land owner Labor ( Chinese, Irish, Mexican, African American) Homestead Act –free land to settlers Exodusters- slaves move to Kansas Oklahoma “Sooners” took possession of land before it was open

4. Challenges on the Plains Drought, floods, fires, blizzards, locust, plague Dugout and Soddies (Homes) Women - self sufficient but lonely. Schools and churches attempting to make community John Deere and Cyrus McCormick Morrilll Act- Agricultural colleges Bonanza (Company) Farms- single crop 15,000 to 50,000 acres

5. Summary Question 1)How did homesteaders get their lands? 2)What was a Soddy? 3)What did the Morill Act provide? 4)These were massive single crop farms owned by railroad companies and private industries? 5)What was a “Sooner”?

6. Merced River, Yosemite Valley 1866- Albert Bierstadt

7. Mark Twain- Excerpt The celebrated frog from Calaveras County Well, Smiley kept the beast in a little lattice box, and he used to fetch him down town sometimes and lay for a bet. One day a feller a stranger in the camp, he was come across him with his box, and says: "What might it be that you've got in the box?" And Smiley says, sorter indifferent like, "It might be a parrot, or it might be a canary, may be, but it an'tit's only just a frog." And the feller took it, and looked at it careful, and turned it round this way and that, and says, "H'm so 'tis. Well, what's he good for?" "Well," Smiley says, easy and careless, "He's good enough for one thing, I should judge he can outjump any frog in Calaveras county." The feller took the box again, and took another long, particular look, and give it back to Smiley, and says, very deliberate, "Well, I don't see no p'ints about that frog that's any better'n any other frog." "May be you don't," Smiley says. "May be you understand frogs, and may be you don't understand 'em; may be you've had experience, and may be you an't only a amature, as it were. Anyways, I've got my opinion, and I'll risk forty dollars that he can outjump any frog in Calaveras county." And the feller studied a minute, and then says, kinder sad like, "Well, I'm only a stranger here, and I an't got no frog; but if I had a frog, I'd bet you." And then Smiley says, "That's all right that's all right if you'll hold my box a minute, I'll go and get you a frog." And so the feller took the box, and put up his forty dollars along with Smiley's, and set down to wait.