1. Global History—Wednesday December 11, 2008 Chapter 25—The INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (pages 630-653) Topic: The Beginning of Industrialization Aim Question: How can we explain the beginnings of the industrial revolution in England and what were the key inventions? Objective: -Understand the start of industrialization -Analyze the causes of the industrial revolution -Examine the inventions of industrialization Agenda: -Attendance -Announcements; letters home with Rowley & Ravner -Review: Industrialization, definition, and facts -Lesson on the industrial revolution: Notes & Slides (20 min)

2. Industrial Revolution Begins Agricultural Revolution: - Enclosures - Crop Rotations Britain’s Advantages: - well, lets take a look at this topic…

3. “Enclosed” Lands Today

5. What would be business opportunities based on this map?

6. Industrial Revolution Begins in England (a.k.a. Britain, The U.K., Great Britain or United Kingdom) Why did industrialization begin in England? 1.Large population of workers 2.Small island had MANY natural resources Water power Coal Iron Rivers Harbors (because it is an island)

7. In Addition, England also had… Large middle class (people with money to invest in new companies) Highly developed banking system to give loans to entrepreneurs Political stability (although there were many wars in Europe between 1650-1800,none took place in English soil) Had all factors of production on the island

8. What are “factors of production”? LAND LABOR MONEY (wealth)

9. LAND Includes natural resources, rivers, harbors, and ocean access

10. LABOR England is small but has large population

11. MONEY (WEALTH)

12. Major Inventions Steam power

13. James Hargreaves’ “Spinning Jenny” (1765)

14. Spinning Jenny

15. James Watt’s Steam Engine (1790’s)

16. Significance of the Steam Engine Requires a specialized facility for its use near a ready source of coal Changed the location of factories, freeing the factory to be located in the most economical location

17. Steam engine locomotive

18. The “Crowning” Invention: The Railroad The world’s first railway line ran from Manchester to Liverpool The first locomotive = The “Rocket” (1830) Revolution in land transportation = dropping prices Laborers shift to the city and factories

19. The Impact of the Railroad

20. Steam boat

21. James WattFirst reliable Steam Engine Eli WhitneyCotton GinCotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets Robert FultonRegular Steamboat service on the Hudson River Samuel F. B. Morse Telegraph Elias HoweSewing Machine Isaac SingerImproves and markets Howe's Sewing Machine Cyrus FieldTransatlantic Cable Alexander Graham Bell Telephone Thomas EdisonPhonograph, Incandescant Light Bulb Nikola TeslaInduction Electric Motor Rudolf DieselDiesel Engine Orville and Wilbur Wright First Airplane Henry FordModel T Ford, Assembly Line Ford