2. Lesson 2 Reading Guide - Vocab law of conservation of energylaw of conservation of energy energy transfer energy transformationenergy transformation Energy Transfers and Transformations work open system closed system renewable energy resourcerenewable energy resource nonrenewable energy resourcenonrenewable energy resource

3. Lesson 2-1 A.Law of Conservation of Energy 1.The law of conservation of energy states that energy can be transformed from one form to another, but it can’t be created or destroyed. Law of Conservation of Energy

4. Lesson 2-1 The law of conservation of energy indicates that the amount of radiant energy that shines out of the flashlight cannot be greater than the chemical energy stored in the battery.

5. Lesson 2-1 Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.) What is the law of conservation of energy?

6. Lesson 2-1 2.Energy transfer takes place when energy moves from one object to another without changing form. 3.Energy transformation is when one form of energy is converted to another form of energy. Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.)

7. Lesson 2-1 4.Work is the transfer of energy that occurs when a(n) force makes an object move in the direction of the force; work is only being done while the force is acting on the object. Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.)

8. Lesson 2-1 Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.) Identify an energy transfer and an energy transformation that occurs when someone plays a guitar.

9. Lesson 2-1 5.Energy transformations are inefficient because some energy is transformed to a form of energy that is not usable. 6.A system can be open or closed. a.A(n) open system is a system that exchanges matter or energy with the environment. b.A(n) closed system is a system that does not exchange matter or energy with the environment. Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.)

10. Lesson 2-1 B.Energy Transformations and Electric Energy 1.A(n) renewable energy resource is an energy resource that is replaced as fast as or faster than it is used. a.Energy from the Sun, or solar energy, is converted into electric energy in solar cells, also called photovoltaic cells. Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.)

11. Lesson 2-1 b.Solar energy is sometimes transformed into thermal energy, which is used to convert water to steam; the steam turns a(n) generator, which transforms mechanical energy into electric energy. c.Wind turbines are built in places where winds blow most of the time. Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.)

12. Lesson 2-1 Law of Conservation of Energy (cont.) system from Greek systema, means “whole made of several parts”

13. Lesson 2-2 d.A(n) generator is turned by the turbine, changing kinetic energy of wind to electric energy. e.In hydroelectric plants, the mechanical energy of falling water being channeled through a turbine is transformed to electric energy. Energy Transformations and Electric Energy

14. Lesson 2-2 f.In a(n) geothermal plant, thermal energy from within Earth is transferred to water, creating steam, which is used to turn turbines in electric generators. g.Burning biomass releases stored chemcial energy; which can then be transformed to electric energy. Energy Transformations and Electric Energy (cont.)

15. Lesson 2-2 2.Most energy that we use comes from fossil fuels and nuclear energy. Energy Transformations and Electric Energy (cont.)

16. Lesson 2-2 3.A(n) nonrenewable resource energy resource is an energy resource that is available in limited amounts or that is used faster than it can be replaced in nature. a.Petroleum, natural gas, propane, and coal are fossil fuels. Energy Transformations and Electric Energy (cont.)

17. b. Fossil fuels are a concentrated form of chemical energy that came from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. c.Some energy plants use fission to produce thermal energy.

18. Lesson 2-2 Most of the energy used in the United States comes from nonrenewable energy resources.

19. Lesson 2-2 Energy Transformations and Electric Energy (cont.) What are renewable and nonrenewable energy resources?

20. Lesson 2 - VS Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed. Systems are classified as open systems or closed systems based on their interactions with their environment. Energy resources are classified as renewable or nonrenewable based on their abundance and availability.