2. Napoleonic Wars 1793-1815 Napoleon tried to conquer all of Europe Britain led allies against France U.S. got dragged in

3. Neutrality Jefferson kept the U.S. neutral like the Washington and Adams administrations American Merchants profiting by trade with both France and Britain

4. Neutral Rights Violated France and Britain threaten to search and seize ships trading with the enemy Impressment ◦British sailors often deserted  Poor pay and conditions ◦British would stop ships and look for deserters and force them to serve in navy  Forced native born Americans too ◦ Still have English accent

5. Attack on the Chesapeake British warship, the Leopard intercepted the Chesapeake ◦June 1807 off the coast of Virginia ◦Chesapeake captain refused to allow search ◦Leopard opened fire  Killed 3, Wounded 18 and crippled the American ship Americans outraged ◦Jefferson avoids war

6. Embargo Act December 1807 Banned trade with European countries Was a disaster ◦Britain traded with Latin America for goods ◦New England trade hurt  Merchants not happy Repealed March 1809 ◦Replaced by Nonintercourse Act  Banned trade with France or Britain ◦ Also unsuccessful

7. 4 th President Jefferson follows Washington’s precedent James Madison wins election ◦Not ideal time to be president Father of the Constitution

8. The Frontier Governor of the Indiana Territory making treaties with Natives to gain land ◦William Henry Harrison Powerful and charismatic Shawnee chief uniting the Native American nations ◦Tecumseh

9. Battle of Tippecanoe Harrison concerned about Tecumseh’s success ◦Decided to strike first (1811)  Battle lasted 2 hours As a result Tecumseh allied himself with the British

10. War Hawks Republicans John C. Calhoun ◦S. Carolina Henry Clay ◦Kentucky Land Hungry ◦Canadian land ◦Florida Congress quadrupled army’s size

11. War Madison asks Congress to declare war ◦June 1, 1812 ◦Britain was trying to avoid war, ended search and seizure policy, but too late Americans still relying on militia ◦Poorly trained and equipped Nicknames ◦“Madison’s War” ◦“The Forgotten War” ◦The Second War for Independence” Video

12. Invasion of Canada Three-pronged attack Detroit – July 1812 ◦General William Hull ◦Americans fearful of Indian cruelty and surrender Niagara ◦American forces defeated Third attack never happened

13. Battle of Lake Erie Prezi

14. Battle of the Thames Tecumseh killed ◦October 5, 1813 William Henry Harrison Native Americans will no longer be a problem Americans burned parliament buildings ◦York (Toronto)

15. End of Napoleon Napoleon loses at Battle of Waterloo ◦Exiled from the country With Napoleon out of the way British can focus on U.S.

16. U.S.S. Constitution The world’s oldest commissioned warship afloat Wooden ship USS Constitution vs. HMS Guerriere ◦August 19, 1812 ◦Cannon balls bounced off the side of the ship ◦An American sailor reportedly exclaimed "Huzzah! her sides are made of iron!"  “Old Ironsides” 42-0

17. Battle of Horseshoe Bend Andrew Jackson ◦“Old Hickory” ◦ March 1814 ◦Attacked Creeks in Mississippi Territory ◦Slaughtered more than 550 Creeks  Lost land

18. Attack on the Capitol August 1814 ◦Capitol not well defended The British sailed into Chesapeake Bay ◦Overpowered militia ◦Marched into the city and burned buildings including the president’s mansion ◦A storm prevented some damage Video

20. Fort McHenry The British move onto Baltimore Baltimore was waiting ◦Barricaded roads, blocked harbor, 13,000 militia ◦Held back the British attack Francis Scott Key ◦Star Spangled Banner

21. Battle of Lake Champlain Naval Battle won by Americans ◦September 1814 British decides war is not worth the cost

22. Treaty of Ghent Ghent, Belgium ◦December 1814 Peace agreement ◦Didn't change borders ◦Impressment was not mentioned

23. Battle of New Orleans Did not know that Treaty of Ghent had been signed Still takes about a month for news to travel January 1815 Andrew Jackson ◦Leads Americans to victory, becomes hero Video

24. Hartford Convention December 1814 New England Federalists met in Connecticut ◦Proposed amendments ◦Seen as unpatriotic Federalist Party loses respect in American politics

25. Who Won? The Battle of New Orleans Arrogant Worms

26. Stalemate Neither British nor Americans won the war ◦Neither gained territory Although: ◦Americans get Star Spangled Banner ◦Revived sense of Nationalism (especially after winning the last major battle) ◦Manufacturing developed when weren’t getting goods from Europe ◦Gained respect from other countries

27. The real winners of the War Canada ◦Held off invasions ◦Nationalism William Henry Harrison ◦Gains fame ◦Uses Tippecanoe as presidential slogan Andrew Jackson ◦War hero who later becomes president Erie, PA ◦Shipbuilding industry builds the economy and city

28. And the losers Native Americans ◦Without Tecumseh will not unite Federalists ◦Their lack of support for American cause during the War will lead this party to disappear