1. 1485-1660

2. Cultural Attitude of the Renaissance  Renaissance = Rebirth (Greece/ Rome)  Mostly joyous and progressive era due to it being post-tragedy Black Death  The arts, sciences, and literatures all flourished. Also religion became reshaped and also grew  Full of humanism- emphasis on the values of individuality and intellectual reform of humans

3. Better Known Historical Events  1492- Christopher Columbus lands in the Americas in the West Indies  1517- Martin Luther posts his ninety-five theses in Wittenburg, Germany  1521- Cortes conquers Mexico and destroys the Aztec Empire  1607- First permanent American settlement in Jamestown, Virginia  1611- King James Bible published  1655- Jews are legally re-admitted to England after being expelled in 1290

4. Not as Well Known Events  1485- Richard III of England is killed in battle  1503- Leonardo da Vinci pains Mona Lisa  1517- First records of peoples from Africa taken as slaves to the Americas  1564- William Shakespeare born  1639- Japan expels all Europeans except the Dutch

5. Discoveries  The Americas  Many anatomical discoveries by doing autopsies and transferring their medical findings to books and journals.  Copernicus found that the sun is the center of the solar system and earth revolves around it through Astronomy.  Magellan completely proving that the world is round by circumnavigating it with his crew.

6. Major Writers and Texts  Shakespeare (1564-1616) ○ King Lear ○ Macbeth ○ Various “Sonnets” ○ Romeo & Juliet  Newspapers first get published in London (1621)  Cervantes ○ Don Quixote  John Milton (1608-1674) ○ Paradise Lost ○ Comus

7. Important People  Explorers: Columbus (1492), Vasco da Gama (1498), Balboa (1513), Magellan (1519), Cortes (1521)  English Leaders (by order of death/crowning): Richard III (1485), Henry VIII (1509), Mary “Bloody” Tudor (1553), Elizabeth I (1558), Oliver Cromwell (1658), Charles II (1660)  William Shakespeare  Galileo Galilei Crowning of Queen Elizabeth II (1953)

8. Extra Facts  The ideas of the Renaissance begin in Italy and flourished outward into, primarily, the rest of Europe.  Leo, Don, Mikey, and Raf all had impacts to the Renaissance Society.  Many ideas from the re-birth of Greek and Roman ideas on self- awareness are still used today.

9. Sources  Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Elements of Literature 6 th Course  http://rmn.fr/english/children/museum- experience/the-renaissance-15th- 16th/inventions-and-discoveries http://rmn.fr/english/children/museum- experience/the-renaissance-15th- 16th/inventions-and-discoveries  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance