1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

2. Controls of different body system
- Endocrine system
- Nervous system
- Immune system

3. Endocrine system Endocrine cell hormones blood Capillary
target tissues (organs) = receptor

4. Type of endocrine glands
hypophysis
epiphysis
langerhan's island
adrenal
thyroid
parathyroid

5. hypophysis = pituitary gland
sphenoid bone

6. origin double = ectoderm
surface ectoderm=Rathke's pouch(adenohypohysis)
-neural ectoderm = Neurohypohysis

7. Neurohypohysis
adenohypohysis

8. Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
3-part
pars distalis
pars tubularis
pars intermedia

9. Capsule, Trabecula =pia mater
Stroma= reticular c.t.
Sructure:
1= endocrine cell
2=Fenestrated capillary

10. pars distalis= 75% two– type cell 1- chromophobic cell
2- chromophilic cell
A- acidophilic cell
B-basophilic cell

11. 1- chromophobic cell

12. acidophilic cell 1- somatotropic cell Growth hormone (somatotropin)
2-mamotropic cell
prolactin

13. Growth hormone

14. Acromegaly&Gigantism
Enlargement of Face, Hands, Feets
growth hormone

15. nanism

16. 2-mamotropic cell
prolactin

17. basophilic cell

18. 1-corticotropic cell ACTH
2-thyrotropic cell, TSH
3-gonadrtopic cell , FSH , LH

19. * pars tubularis
gonadotropic cell = FSH , LH

20. Pars intermedia
pars intermedia = rudimentary
basophilic cell ( α-MSH)

21. neurohypohysis
1- pars nervosa
2- infundibulum
3- neural stalk

22. Pars nervosa, infundibulum
Infundibulum: Herring body

23. structure
-secretory neuron(unmylinated)
--Pitucyte (25%)=neuroglia -

24. hormones 1-Oxytocin (neurophysin) + ATP
2-vaso pressin (ADH) (Neurophysin) + ATP

26. Epiphysis = pineal gland
Shap: flattened conical organ

27. Structure Capsule: pia mater Septa: pia mater irregular lobule
1-Fenestrated capillary
2-Cells:
A-pinealocyte
B-asterocyte = glial cell

28. regulatory of physiological systematic
A-pinealocyte: Produce: melatonin , serotonin
melatonin (dark period)
serotonin (light region)

29. Aging=Brain sand

30. pineal gland =
visual stimuli relayed

31. langerhan's islet (pancreas)
round cluster of cell
number: > million islets (Tail)
capsule: reticular C.T
stroma: reticular C.T
cell (cord) + capillary

32. Type of cells cells: 4 – type different hormones
A-cell = 20% = marginal zone
glucagun

33. B-cell = 70% = central zone
Insulin
D-cell = somatostatin = transitional zone = < 5%
F-cell = transitional zone (little) pancreatic polypeptide