1. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl First principle: to inform, to communicate What is the purpose of the map? Aspects of Map Design

2. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl A map tells a story, sets a mood. Maps use the same principles of composition an artist uses. They can be beautiful; they can display intelligence and wit. Excerpt from A New Plan of the Road from London to Dover, and from Calais to Paris (Charles Smith, 1801), from Tufte “Envisioning Information”, p. 112.

3. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl To design for effective communication and enhance map aesthetics, we may use graphical techniques such as: balance visual contrast

6. Use strong colours sparingly

7. Subordinate other elements to the main subject matter of the map.

8. Conventional symbols for point and line features

9. More symbols

10. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl Text Style: serif - AldineA B C D e f g h i sans serif - ArialA B C D e f g h i Placement:aligned with the neatline or the parallels or following the shape / direction of a feature points- to the right and just above lines- above the line or to the left if vertical areas- centred within the area, may be extended

11. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl

12. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl Layout

13. GEOG 2007A An Introduction to Geographic Information SystemsFall, 2004 C. Earl Symbolization Use text labels on the map to identify individual features; don’t use colours or differently shaped point symbols. Use colours or symbols for classes of feature. e.g. Luigi’s e.g. Italian restaurants