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Published byRoderick Harrison Modified over 9 years ago
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Gas Laws Chemistry Semester II Notes
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Characteristics of Gases A. Properties of Gases Any amount of gas will expand and contract to occupy the entire volume of its container. All gases with equal volumes will have equal numbers of particles Gases typically have low densities. Gases are highly expandable and physically behave alike in response to pressure and temperature changes.
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Gases continued Temperature changes effect gases more than liquids. Particles in gaseous phase are always moving in a constant random motion. They are not in any fixed position. Size of the gas particles is extremely small when compared to the space between them.
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B. Pressure and Gases Gas pressure results from molecules colliding with their container. Measure of pressure is in force/area. Pressure in a closed system is equal in all directions. –Average air pressure at sea level is 101.325 kPa (kilopascals) –1 pascal = 1 N/m 2 (where N = Newton; a force) –1 kPa = 7.50 mm Hg 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.325 kPa = 14.7 lb/in 2
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Pressure Measurement Manometers are used to measure pressure in open systems. STP = Standard Temperature and Pressure Gases are measured at STP, meaning 101.325 kPa (also 760 mm of Hg or 1 atm) and 273K (0 o C) Volumes are measured in Liters, m 3 or dm 3.
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