1. Madonna Lucinda, Sumreen & Jourdon (LSJ)

2. “Secret”- Bedtime stories Released: September 28, 1994  Style - This music video is in black & white, creating an olden atmosphere. The video begins with an establishing shot/tracking of the outside of a bar; the diegetic sound is demonstrated through an acoustic guitar and drums. Goodwin's theory – Madonna’s music video “Secret” generally subverts Goodwin's theory. However, some factors may be taken into account: the relationship between the music and visuals; as the music is very mellow, the use of an acoustic guitar and visuals of Madonna singing in a bar creates a tranquil atmosphere of love. Post-modern – This video can be seen as post- modern through Gilles Deleuze’s rhizome theory as we can associate certain shots as eclectic; we are portrayed with random shots of New York and black children and shirtless men whilst Madonna is singing a love song. We may also be able to link this video to intertextuality as Madonna is styled as Marylyn Monroe through her makeup and certain elements of her costume.

3. “Cherish”- Like a Prayer Released: August 1, 1989 Style – This music video is filmed at a beach creating a summer feel, it is also in black and white which adds to the love theme, the instruments used create a cheerful atmosphere (piano, drums, guitar). Goodwin's theory – “Cherish” conforms to many elements of Goodwin’s theory of the music video; as the music video demonstrates pop genre characteristics through many close-up shots of Madonna Post-modern – We may see this video as post-modern through certain elements such as mermen, this is very random therefore it may be seen as eclectic.