1. Ch 13 sec 1-2

2. Mali Replace Ghana Griots-Story tellers Warrior King Sundiata Keita Conquers Ghana Rules from Atlantic to Timbktu Control gold mines Decline after death of Mansa Musa

3. Songhai Leader Sunni Ali Drive Berbers from Timbuktu Use Niger river and canoes to go west and take control Last to 1591 Defeated by guns and cannons from Morocco

4. Kingdom of the Rain Forest 2 groups – Benin—on Niger River – Kongo– on Congo River King Ewuare-conquers land

5. Kingdom of the Rain Forest con’t Farmable soil Warm wet climate Surplus of bananas, yams and rice – Supports rulers and artisans Trade with Europe

6. East Africa Sheba—Queen Makeda Meets king Solomon—brings Hebrew religion back Axum-City-state that ruled in present day Ethiopia – Trading center on the Red Sea

7. King Ezana Defeats Kush Gets trade routes Bring Christianity Coastal City –States – Gain power through trade Great Zimbabwe – Supply gold, copper and ivory