1. The Atomic Structure. What is inside atoms?

2. The Atomic Structure  Thomson (1897) proved that the fundamental particles in all atoms are called electrons.

3. The Atomic Structure.  Rutherford (1920) discovered positively charged particels called Protons.

4. The Atomic Structure.  Chadwick (1932) discovered particles with no electric charge called neutrons.

5. The Atomic Structure.  All atoms contain:  electrons.

6. The Atomic Structure.  All atoms contain:  protons.

7. The Atomic Structure.  All atoms contain:  and neutrons.

8. The Atomic Structure.  except the ordinary hydrogen atom which contains no neutrons.

9. The atomic structure Particle nameMass (kg)Relative masses electron9.109x10 -31 0.000549 proton1.672x 10 -27 1.007275 neutron1.674x10 -27 1.008665

10. The nucleus  An atom consists of electrons moving around a nucleus in the centre of the atom.

11. The nucleus  The nucleus of ordinary hydrogen is a proton.

12. The nucleus  The nuclei of other atoms consist of protons and neutrons

13. The nucleus  The number of protons Z varies from 1 to 92

14. The nucleus  Many elements with more than 93 protons have been made artificially and they are all radioactive

15. The nucleus  Neutron number N = number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

16. The nucleus  Nucleon number = total number of protons or mass number +neutrons in a nucleus

17. The nucleus  Mass number A= Proton number Z + neutron number N

18. The nucleus  Protons have positive charge.

19. The nucleus  Neutrons have no charge.

20. The nucleus  Electrons have negative charge.

21. Elecctrons in an atom  Elecctrons move in orbits, orbitals or energy levels around the nucleus

22. Elecctrons in an atom  In a neutral atom  Number of protons = number of electrons

23. Elecctrons in an atom  The arrangement of electrons in orbitals of an atom is called electronic configuration.

24. Elecctrons in an atom  The chemical properties of an atom of an element depends on the electronic configuration of on atom.

25. Elecctrons in an atom  The first shell is the duplet shell and can accomodate up to a maximum of 2 electrons.

26. Elecctrons in an atom  The second shell is called octet can accomodate up to maximum of 8 electrons.

27. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

28. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

29. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

30. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

31. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

32. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

33. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

34. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 

35. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

36. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

37. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

38. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

39. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

40. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

41. Electronic configuration.  Hydrogen  H  1 

42. Electronic configuration  Hydrogen  H  1 