2. 7 Days Until the Benchmark Catalyst: 1.What is nuclear fission? 2.Iodine is 80% 127 I, 17% 126 I, and 3% 128 I. Calculate the average atomic mass of iodine. End

3. Grade Check I don’t mean to offend you, but I’m going to read your grades. This is only to let you know where you are, and how close you are to passing. Don’t be upset, just come see me if you’re missing work and want to make it up.

5. The Enola Gay

10. How Do Atomic Bombs Work? http://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-bomb5.htm

11. Online Simulator Please open the document titled nuclear decay simulator and complete the simulator handout with a partner. Email your handout to JAstor18@gmail.com

12. Today’s Learning Targets LT 9.3 – I can compare and contrast normal isotopes and radioactive isotopes. I can discuss the three forms of decay that radioactive isotopes can undergo and how the nucleus is altered in each type of decay. LT 9.4 – I can list the three different type of radiations and the impact that each one of these types of decay can have on myself and other living matter

13. Today’s Focus Question What is nuclear energy?

14. Radioactive Decay Some atoms are unstable and breakdown. These elements are called radioactive compounds. Radioactive Decay – The spontaneous breakdown of the nucleus into a smaller nucleus, accompanied by the release of particles, radiation, or both.

15. Alpha (α) Decay Alpha Decay – When an atom splits its nucleus into a smaller nucleus and a Helium atom (2 protons, 2 neutrons). After alpha decay, we are left with a new atom and one He atom. Observed often in very heavy atoms

17. Alpha Radiation Alpha particles can only travel a few centimeters in the air Alpha particles cannot penetrate skin and paper blocks alpha particles

18. Beta (β) Decay Many elements are unstable because their proton to neutron ratio is too large. Beta decay converts neutrons to protons and releases an electron known as a beta particle neutron  proton + β Electron

20. Beta Radiation Penetrate much deeper than alpha particles and travel a few meters in the air Most metals provide a shield against beta radiation.

21. Gamma (γ) Decay Gamma rays are high energy waves that are released from a nucleus when it goes from a high energy state to a low energy state. Usually occurs along with other types of decay

23. Gamma Radiation Gamma radiation is the most dangerous. It can lead to DNA mutations and cancers. Gamma radiation requires thick pieces of lead/concrete in order to stop.

24. Radiation Summary Type of Radiation DescriptionBlocked by? Alpha (α) Beta (β) Gamma (γ) The splitting of a nucleus into a smaller nucleus and a He atom (alpha particle Converts a neutron to a proton and an electron (beta particle) High energy waves that are released by nucleus Blocked by paper Blocked by metals Blocked by lead

25. Class Example Label the following decay as alpha, beta or gamma decay 43 19 K  43 20 Ca + electron

26. Table Talk Label the following decay as alpha, beta or gamma decay 210 84 Po  206 82 Pb + 4 2 He

27. My Turn Complete the following reaction if it undergoes beta decay: 14 7 N  ______ + _______

28. Nuclear Energy Nuclear power plants use the heat from nuclear fission reactions to generate electrical energy The energy of the reaction heats water, which then allows for a turbine to turn and generate electrical energy.

31. Impact of Radiation Exposure If the core melts down then you can be at risk from following radiation: –Alpha particles being ingested and causing internal damage –Beta particles causing surface damage Nuclear weapons cause additional radiation: –Gamma and beta burns from radiation released from a nuclear bomb

32. SUMMARIZE

33. Learning Target Log Assessment Rate your current level of understanding of LT 9.3 and 9.4. Rate yourself 1 – 4.

35. Nuclear Power Plant Brochure Cover Page – Picture, title, your name, and class period 1 st page/2 nd page – How nuclear energy works, nuclear fission, types of Decay and radiation 3 rd page – Dangers of types of decay and radiation 4 th page – Safety measures taken to protect from types of radiation Back page – Why we should use nuclear energy

36. Exit Slip 1. What is gamma decay? What will stop gamma radiation? 2. What type of decay is shown below: 231 91 Pa  227 89 Ac + 4 2 He

38. Closing Time Homework 9.3 due Monday/Tuesday Brochure due next Wednesday Test next Wednesday