Do Now A spring has a length of 3m. It has a mass of 20kg and a spring constant of 5N/m. The spring is pulled 1m from its equilibrium position and then.

Do Now A spring has a length of 3m. It has a mass of 20kg and a spring constant of 5N/m. The spring is pulled 1m from its equilibrium position and then released. What is the period of oscillation? 4  12.6s4  12.6s m 6.2820 6.28k5m 6.2820 6.28k5 T  2T  2

Oscillations and Waves Review Be sure to review the voter questions that we previously went over in class. (The material on the mathematics of sines and cosines will not be covered.)

1. An SHO goes through 8 cycles in 4 seconds. The period is A. 0.5 s B. 1 s C. 2 s D. 4 s

1. An SHO goes through 8 cycles in 4 seconds. The period is A. 0.5 s B. 1 s C. 2 s D. 4 s 8cyclescycle 0.5s0.5s4s4s  Period is the time per cycle

2. An SHO goes through 8 cycles in 4 seconds. The frequency is A. 0.5 Hz B. 1 Hz C. 2 Hz D. 4 Hz E. 8 Hz

2. An SHO goes through 8 cycles in 4 seconds. The frequency is A. 0.5 Hz B. 1 Hz C. 2 Hz D. 4 Hz E. 8 Hz 4ss4ss 2cycles8cycles  Frequency is the number of cycles per second. T f 1f 1 or

3. A mass on a spring oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the velocity the greatest magnitude? A. x=-A B. x=0 C. x=B D. x=+A B

A. x=-A B. x=0 C. x=B D. x=+A B In SHM, velocity is maximum at the center. 3. A mass on a spring oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the velocity the greatest magnitude?

4. A mass on a spring oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the acceleration the largest? A. x=-A B. x=0 C. x=B D. x=+A B

4. A mass on a spring oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the acceleration the largest? A. x=-A B. x=0 C. x=B D. x=+A B In SHM, the acceleration is the largest at the extremes of the motion.It is always towards the center so there is positive acceleration at x=-A and negative acceleration at x=A.

5. A pulse is sent along a string. The string is attached to a second, thicker string. After the pulse strikes the interface between the two strings A. The pulse continues to the right B. The pulse reflects back to the left C. Both of the above D. Neither of the above

5. ConcepTest 11.1aHarmonic Motion I 1)0 2)A/2 3)A 4)2A 5)4A A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.What is the total distance traveled by the mass after a time interval T?

5. ConcepTest 11.1aHarmonic Motion I 1)0 2)A/2 3)A 4)2A 5)4A A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.What is the total distance traveled by the mass after a time interval T? In the time interval T (the period), the mass goes through one complete oscillation back to the starting point.The distance it covers is:A + A + A + A(4A).

6. A pendulum oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the kinetic energy the largest? A. A B. B C. C A B C

6. A pendulum oscillates in SHM. At which location shown is the kinetic energy the largest? A. A B. B C. C A B C In SHM, the KE is always largest at the equilibrium position

A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.What is the net displacementof the mass after a time interval T? 1)0 2)A/2 3)A 4)2A 5)4A 7. ConcepTest 11.1bHarmonic Motion II

A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.What is the net displacementof the mass after a time interval T? 1)0 2)A/2 3)A 4)2A 5)4A The displacement is  x = x 2 –x 1.Since the initial and final positions of the mass are the same (it ends up back at its original position), then the displacement is zero. 7. ConcepTest 11.1bHarmonic Motion II Follow-up:What is the net displacement after a half of a period?

Aglider with a spring attached to each end oscillates with a certain period.If the mass of the glider is doubled, what will happen to the period? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease 8. Period of a Spring I

Aglider with a spring attached to each end oscillates with a certain period.If the mass of the glider is doubled, what will happen to the period? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease The period is proportional to the square root of the mass.So an increase in mass will lead to an increase in the period of motion. T = 2   ( m / k ) T = 2 (m/k)T = 2 (m/k) 8. Period of a Spring I

Aglider with a spring attached to each end oscillates with a certain period.If the amplitude of the motion is doubled, what will happen to the period? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease 9. Period of a Spring Ia

Aglider with a spring attached to each end oscillates with a certain period.If the amplitude of the motion is doubled, what will happen to the period? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease 9. Period of a Spring Ia Period does not depend on amplitude for an oscillation or a wave!

Amass oscillates on a vertical spring with period T.If the whole setup is taken to the Moon, how does the period change? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease 10. Spring on the Moon

Amass oscillates on a vertical spring with period T.If the whole setup is taken to the Moon, how does the period change? 1)period will increase 2)period will not change 3)period will decrease The period of simple harmonic motion only depends on the mass and the spring constant and does not depend on the acceleration due to gravity.By going to the Moon, the value of g has been reduced, but that does not affect the period of the oscillating mass-spring system. Follow-up:Will the period be the same on any planet? 10. Spring on the Moon

Two pendula have the same length, but different masses attached to the string.How do their periods compare? 1)period is greater for the greater mass 2)period is the same for both cases 3)period is greater for the smaller mass 11. Period of a Pendulum I

Two pendula have the same length, but different masses attached to the string.How do their periods compare? 1)period is greater for the greater mass 2)period is the same for both cases 3)period is greater for the smaller mass The period of a pendulum depends on the length and the acceleration due to gravity, but it does not depend on the mass of the bob. T = 2 (L/g)T = 2 (L/g) T = 2 (L/g)T = 2 (L/g) 11.Period of a Pendulum I

Two pendula have the same length and same mass, but different amplitudes.How do their periods compare? 1)period is greater for the greater mass 2)period is the same for both cases 3)period is greater for the smaller mass 12.Period of a Pendulum I

Two pendula have the same length and same mass, but different amplitudes.How do their periods compare? 1)period is greater for the greater mass 2)period is the same for both cases 3)period is greater for the smaller mass 12.Period of a Pendulum I The period of a pendulum does slightly depend on the amplitude, but you can neglect that for small angles.

After a pendulum starts swinging, its amplitude gradually decreases with time because of friction. What happens to the period of the pendulum during this time? 1)period increases 2)period does not change 3)period decreases 13. Damped Pendulum

The period of a pendulum does not depend on its amplitude, but only on its length and the acceleration due to gravity. LgLg T  2T  2 After a pendulum starts swinging, its amplitude gradually decreases with time because of friction. What happens to the period of the pendulum during this time? 1)period increases 2)period does not change 3)period decreases 13. Damped Pendulum

14.Swinging in the Rain 1)T 1 = T 2 2) T 1 > T 2 3)T 1 < T 2 T1T1 You are sitting on a swing.A friend gives you a push, and you start swinging with period T. 1 Suppose you were standing on the swing rather than sitting. When given the same push, you start swinging with period T 2. Which of the following is true?

LgLg T  2T  2 L1L1 T1T1 You are sitting on a swing.A friend gives you a push, and you start swinging with period T 1. Suppose you were standing on the swing rather than sitting. When given the same push, you start swinging with period T 2. Which of the following is true? Standing up raises the Center of Mass of the swing, making it shorter !! Since L 1 > L 2 then T 1 > T 2 L2L2 T2T2 1)T 1 = T 2 2) T 1 > T 2 3)T 1 < T 2 14.Swinging in the Rain

1)yes 2)no 3)it depends on the medium the wave is in 15.Sound It Out Does a longitudinal wave, such as a sound wave, have an amplitude ? high normal low air pressure x A

1)yes 2)no 3)it depends on the medium the wave is in All wave types — transverse, longitudinal, surface — have all of these properties: wavelength, frequency, amplitude, velocity, period 15.Sound It Out Does a longitudinal wave, such as a sound wave, have an amplitude ? high normal low air pressure x A

At a football game, the “wave” might circulate through the stands and move around the stadium.In this wave motion, people stand up and sit down as the wave passes. What type of wave would this be characterized as? 1)polarized wave 2)longitudinal wave 3)lateral wave 4)transverse wave 5)soliton wave 16.The Wave

At a football game, the “wave” might circulate through the stands and move around the stadium.In this wave motion, people stand up and sit down as the wave passes. What type of wave would this be characterized as? 1)polarized wave 2)longitudinal wave 3)lateral wave 4)transverse wave 5)soliton wave The people are moving up and down, and the wave is traveling around the stadium.Thus, the motion of the wave is perpendicular to the oscillation direction of the people, and so this is a transverse wave. Follow-up:What type of wave occurs when you toss a pebble in a pond? 16.The Wave

17.Wave Motion I Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the velocity of a particle at the pointlabeled A ? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)zero A

17.Wave Motion I Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the velocity of a particle at the pointlabeled A ? 1)1) 2)2) 3)3) 4) 5)zero The velocity of an oscillating particle is (momentarily) zero at its maximum displacement. A Follow-up:What is the acceleration of the particle at point A?

18.Wave Motion Ia Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the acceleration of a particle at the point labeled A ? 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)zero A

Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the velocity of a particle at the pointlabeled B ? 1)1) 2)2) 3)3) 4)4) 5)zero B 19.Wave Motion II

Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the velocity of a particle at the pointlabeled B ? 1)1) 2)2) 3)3) 4)4) 5)zero The wave is moving to the right, so the particle at B has to start moving upwards in the next instant of time. B 19.Wave Motion II Follow-up:What is the acceleration of the particle at point B?

Consider a wave on a string moving to the right, as shown below. What is the direction of the acceleration of a particle at the pointlabeled B ? 1)1) 2)2) 3)3) 4)4) 5)zero B 20.Wave Motion IIa

21.Out to Sea tt + ttt + t 1)1 second 2)2 seconds 3)4 seconds 4)8 seconds 5)16 seconds A boat is moored in a fixed location, and waves make it move up and down.If the spacing between wave crests is 20 m and the speed of the waves is 5 m/s, how long does it take the boat to go through one complete cycle?

t t + tt + t 21.Out to Sea A boat is moored in a fixed location, and waves make it move up and down.If the spacing between wave crests is 20 m and the speed of the waves is 5 m/s, how long does it take the boat to go through one complete cycle? 1)1 second 2)2 seconds 3)4 seconds 4)8 seconds 5)16 seconds f 1/ Tf 1/ T f  v  T v   v   vT  T  T   1  1  

22.Out to Sea tt + ttt + t 1)1 second 2)2 seconds 3)4 seconds 4)8 seconds 5)16 seconds A boat is moored in a fixed location, and waves make it move up and down.If the spacing between wave crests is 20 m and the speed of the waves is 5 m/s, how long does it take the boat to go from the top of a crest to the bottom of a trough?

22.Out to Sea t t + tt + t 1)1 second 2)2 seconds 3)4 seconds 4)8 seconds 5)16 seconds A boat is moored in a fixed location, and waves make it move up and down.If the spacing between wave crests is 20 m and the speed of the waves is 5 m/s, how long does it take the boat to go from the top of a crest to the bottom of a trough? We know that:v = f = / T hence T = / v.If = 20 m andv = 5 m/s,soT = 4 secs. The time to go from a crest to a trough is onlyT/2(half a period), so it takes 2 secs !!

23.A pulse approaches a fixed end as shown. When it returns the pulse will be A. Upright B. Inverted

24.A pulse approaches an open end as shown. When it returns the pulse will be A. Upright B. Inverted

25.Two pulses are moving to the right. The one closest to the wall reflects off the wall. When it overlaps with the other pulse you will get A. No interference. B. Constructive interference C. Destructive Interference

26.The amplitude of the wave below is A. 0m B. 1m C. 2m D. 10m E. 20m 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m

27.The wavelength of the wave below is A. 0m B. 1m C. 2m D. 10m E. 20m 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m

28.The wave below has a frequency of 10Hz. Its speed is A. 10 m/s B. 20 m/s C. 100 m/s D. 200 m/s 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m

28.The wave below has a frequency of 10Hz. Its speed is A. 10 m/s B. 20 m/s C. 100 m/s D. 200 m/s 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m v  f

29.The wave below has a frequency of 10Hz. Its period is A..1s B..5s C. 1s D. 5s E. 10s 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m

29.The wave below has a frequency of 10Hz. Its period is A..1s B..5s C. 1s D. 5s E. 10s 1m -1m 10m 20m 30m f T T  1

30.A standing wave is shown below. When the string at position a is moving downward, the string at position b is moving A. Downward B. Upward a b

31.Standing Waves I A string is clamped at both ends and plucked so it vibrates in a standing mode between two extreme positions a and b.Let upward motion correspond to positive velocities.When the string is in position b, the instantaneous velocity of points on the string: a b 1)is zero everywhere 2)is positive everywhere 3)is negative everywhere 4)depends on the position along the string

Observe two points: Just before b Just after b Both points change direction before and after b, so at b all points must have zero velocity. 31.Standing Waves I A string is clamped at both ends and plucked so it vibrates in a standing mode between two extreme positions a and b.Let upward motion correspond to positive velocities.When the string is in position b, the instantaneous velocity of points on the string: 1)is zero everywhere 2)is positive everywhere 3)is negative everywhere 4)depends on the position along the string

a b c 32.Standing Waves II A string is clamped at both ends and plucked so it vibrates in a standing mode between two extreme positions a and b.Let upward motion correspond to positive velocities.When the string is in position c, the instantaneous velocity of points on the string: 1)is zero everywhere 2)is positive everywhere 3)is negative everywhere 4)depends on the position along the string

a b A string is clamped at both ends and plucked so it vibrates in a standing mode between two extreme positions a and b.Let upward motion correspond to positive velocities.When the string is in position c, the instantaneous velocity of points on the string: When the string is flat, all points are moving through the equilibrium position and are therefore at their maximum velocity.However, the direction depends on the location of the point.Some points are moving upwards rapidly, and some points are moving downwards rapidly. c 32.Standing Waves II 1)is zero everywhere 2)is positive everywhere 3)is negative everywhere 4)depends on the position along the string

A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.How long does it take for the mass to travel a total distance of 6A? 1)1/2 T 2)3/4 T 3)1 1/4 T 4)1 1/2 T 5)2 T 33.ConcepTest 11.1cHarmonic Motion III

A mass on a spring in SHM has amplitude A and period T.How long does it take for the mass to travel a total distance of 6A? 1)1/2 T 2)3/4 T 3)1 1/4 T 4)1 1/2 T 5)2 T We have already seen that it takes one period T to travel a total distance of 4A.An additional 2A requires half a period, so the total time needed for a total distance of 6A is 1 1/2 T. 33.ConcepTest 11.1cHarmonic Motion III Follow-up:What is the net displacement at this particular time?

Two pendula have different lengths:one has length L and the other has length 4L. How do their periods compare? 1)period of 4L is four times that of L 2)period of 4L is two times that of L 3)period of 4L is the same as that of L 4)period of 4L is one-half that of L 5)period of 4L is one-quarter that of L 34.ConcepTest 11.8bPeriod of a Pendulum II

Two pendula have different lengths:one has length L and the other has length 4L. How do their periods compare? The period of a pendulum depends on the length and the acceleration due to gravity. The length dependence goes as the square root of L, so a pendulum 4 times longer will have a period that is 2 times larger. T = 2 (L/g)T = 2 (L/g) T = 2 (L/g)T = 2 (L/g) 34.ConcepTest 11.8bPeriod of a Pendulum II 1)period of 4L is four times that of L 2)period of 4L is two times that of L 3)period of 4L is the same as that of L 4)period of 4L is one-half that of L 5)period of 4L is one-quarter that of L

Do Now A spring has a length of 3m. It has a mass of 20kg and a spring constant of 5N/m. The spring is pulled 1m from its equilibrium position and then.

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Do Now A spring has a length of 3m. It has a mass of 20kg and a spring constant of 5N/m. The spring is pulled 1m from its equilibrium position and then.

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Presentation on theme: "Do Now A spring has a length of 3m. It has a mass of 20kg and a spring constant of 5N/m. The spring is pulled 1m from its equilibrium position and then."— Presentation transcript:

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