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Organic Molecules.

Published byAnnabella Banks Modified over 9 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Organic Molecules."— Presentation transcript:

1 Organic Molecules

2 Lipids

3 Lipid Structure 1 2 Monomer: Fatty Acid Polymer: Lipid
Fats, Oils, Waxes Phospholipid Stucture (3 parts): “Head” of glycerol & phosphate(polar) “Tail” of 2 fattys (non-polar) Make up the cell membrane Lipids & Proteins compose the cell membrane Phospholipid 1 2

4 Lipid Structure Triglyceride: Structure (2 parts) Function
Glycerol molecule Triglyceride: Structure (2 parts) “head” = glycerol “Tail” = 3 fatty acids Function Provide Energy for cells Insulation Cholesterol: Gives cell membrane flexibility

5 Saturated Fats Fats and oils have different types of fatty acids.
Long chain of C-C bonds (all single bonds) Each C is “saturated” with H atoms Single bonds are easier to compact = solid at room temps Very common in animal fats think

6 Unsaturated Fats Long chain of C-C bonds (some double bonds)
Prevent H from attaching make “kinks”, which are not easily compacted = Liquid at room temps Plant fats think

7 Normally, blood flows freely through a vein
Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC

8 Too much saturated fats…
Blood vein RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC RBC Reduced circulation… Blood clots… High blood pressure Cholesterol & saturated fats

9 Cholesterol levels

10 Which has more H? 18 16

11

12 Recap What are the three parts of a phospholipid?
Which part(s) is/are the “head”? Which part are the “tails”? What are the two parts of a triglyceride? How do saturated and unsaturated fatty acids differ? Which lipid gives cells their flexibility? Why are saturated fats less healthy?

13

14 Nucleic Acids

15 Nucleic Acid Basics Contain instructions to build protein 2 types DNA
RNA Made up of smaller units called nucleotides monomer = nucleotide Polymer = nucleic acid

16 Nucleotides are made of three parts: a sugar phosphate group
nitrogen base. - Adenine (A) Thymine (T) - Guanine (G) Cytosine (C) A phosphate group nitrogen-containing molecule, called a base deoxyribose (sugar)

17 Monomers link to make polymers
Monomers link to make polymers! Nucleotides combine to make nucleic acid! These are the instructions for the cell to make protein.

18 Nucleotides? How many

19 DNA Double Helix: 2 chains of nucleotides
DNA bases: Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine A pairs with T C pairs with G DNA stores the info required to make a protein Gene: section of DNA that codes for a protein

20

21 Predict the nucleotides to fill in this DNA chain

22 RNA 1 chain of nucleotides
RNA bases: Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine Copy the DNA code… deliver code to ribosome to create a protein

23 Recap Vocabulary: Monomer, Polymer, Nucleotide, Double helix, Nitrogen base Name the monomer of nucleic acids. How are the four nitrogen bases of DNA abbreviated? RNA? Name the three parts to a nucleotide. What does the phosphate molecule of a nucleotide bond with? If the DNA nitrogen bases were TACCGGAT, how would the attached DNA strand read? How are DNA and RNA different? Same?

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