1. ADRENERGIC DRUGS

2. - medical substances which act in adrenergic synapses
Adrenergic drugs
- medical substances which act in adrenergic synapses

4. Typical localization of adrenal receptors and changes of functions of organs which are observed during stimulation of these receptors
Smooth muscles of vessels:
skin
mucsous membranes
mesentery ,
organs of abdominal cavity
skeletal muscles
coronary
lungs
kidneys
veins 1 2 Д1
Contraction of vessels
- ’’ -
- ’’ -
Dilation of vessles
M dillatator pupillae
Ciliary muscle
Heart 1
Midriasis (dilation of pupil)
Dilation (far vision)
Increasing of power and frequency of contraction, conductivity, automatism
Bronchial muscles
Bronchial glands
1, 2
Dilation of bronchi
Decreasing of secretion, increasing of secretion
Smooth musculature of GI tract:
walls
- sphincters
2, 2
Decreasing of tone, peristaltic
Increasing of tone
Smooth musculature of urinary bladder:
sphincters
Relaxation
Contraction
Liver
Decomposition of glycogen
Uterus
(pregnant>not pregnant)
Salivary glands 
Increasing of secretion
К+ and Н2О
Increasing of amylase secretion
Sweat glands
Fat cells 3
Lipolysis
Rennin secretion 2
Increasing
Depression
Insulin secretion
Decreasing
Presynaptic formations of adrenergic neurons
Decreasing of releasing of nor-adrenalin into synaptic split
Stimulation of releasing of nor-adrenalin into synaptic split
Presynaptic formations of cholinergic neurons
Stimulation of releasing of acetyl-choline into synaptic split

5. б) adrenomimetics of indirect action or sympathomimetics
а) adrenomimetics of direct action
б) adrenomimetics of indirect action or sympathomimetics
Adrenoblockers
or adrenolytics
Sympatholytics

6. І. Adrenomimetics
- і -adrenomimetics (adrenalin hydrochloride, noradrenalin hydrotartrate)
2. dopamine-, -, -adrenomimetics (dopamine)
3. -adrenomimetics (mesatone, naftizin, galazoline)
4. -adrenomimetics (isadrine, salbutamol, phenoterol, terbutalin, dobutamine)
ІІ. Sympathomimetics (ephedrine hydrochloride)
ІІІ. Adrenoblockers
1. -adrenoblockers (phentolamine, tropaphen, prasosine, pyroxan)
2. -adrenoblockers (anaprilin, athenolol, talinolol, acebutolol)
3. - і -adrenoblockers (labetalol)
ІІІ. Sympatholytics (reserpine, octadine)

7. Adrenomimetcs

9. adrenaline hydrochloride Administration
Adrenalin (epinephrine) is a hormone of medullar layer of adrenal glands which is used in a form of a remedy
adrenaline hydrochloride
It is an adrenomimetic which stimulates 1,- 2- and 1,- 2-adrenoreceptors
Administration
sudden stoppage of heart, for example, during surgical narcosis
electric trauma
shock and collapse conditions
bronchial spasm
hypoglycemic coma
treatment of open-angle glaucoma

11. Noradrenalin hydrotartrate (norepinephrine)
Is an adrenomimetic of direct action which stimulates 1-, 2- and 1-adrenal receptors
Administration
in cases of acute decreasing of blood pressure - shock and collapse conditions, surgeries, traumas
The drug is absolutely contraindicated for subcutaneous and intramuscular introductions

12. Dopamine shock and collapse Drug of choice for treatment of
of different etiology, including cardiogenic and hemorrhagic

13. Mesaton (phenilefrin)
Is a synthetic a1-adrenomimetic drug of direct action
Administration
acute hypotensive conditions,
prophylaxis of decreasing of blood pressure in case of infectious diseases, poisonings,
decreasing of blood pressure during narcosis with fluorothan and cyclopropan
nose drops in case of rhinits

14. Naphtisin Xylometazolin
are a2-adrenomimetics of direct action
Usage
for rhinitis in a form of nose drops – 1-2 drops 2-3 times a day
It is not recommended to use the drug in case of chronic cold

16. Isadrin (isoprenalin, novodrin, euspiran)
– is a synthetic catecholamine, which is a strong stimulant of b1- і b2-adrenal receptors
Administration
bradycardia, atrio-ventricular blockade
bronchial spasm
complex therapy of some kinds of shock (if the patient doesn’t have hypovolemia)
Side effects
nausea, hands tremor, dryness in mouth,
in patients with ischemic heart disease – attack of stenocardia,
heavy cardiac tachyarrhythmias, even fibrillation of ventricles

17. Salbutamol (ventolin)
selective b2-adrenomimetic of direct action
Administration
inhalations during attacks of bronchial asthma and bronchial spasms of other etiology,
передчасних child delivery, бурхливій child delivery

18. Terbutalin (brikanil) and phenoterol (berotek, partusisten)
are stimulants of mostly 2-adrenal receptors. They posses broncholytic and tokolytic activity

19. Dobutamin Administration Is a synthetic 1-adrenomimetic
Cardiotonic effects of dobutamin is 5 times stronger than action of dopamine
Administration
some forms of acute and chronic cardiac insufficiency
intravenous dropping infusion with the speed of
2,5-10 mcg / (kg.min)

20. Sympathomimetics

21. Ephedrine hydrochloride (Ephedrini hydrochloridum)
It is an alkaloid of plants of Ephedra family, which has indirect a-, b-adrenomimetic (sympathomimetic) action
Administration
collapse conditions, for prophylaxis of decreasing of blood pressure before spinal anesthesia, infectious diseases
treatment of rhinitis (2 %, 3 % solution to drop into nose).
prophylaxis and elimination of bronchial spasm (inhalations 0,5 %-1 % solutions of drug)
SIDE EFFECTS
неспокій, excitement, tremor, inconsiderable euphoria, insomnia, seizures
drug addiction
tachyphylaxy

22. Adrenoblockers

23. Alfa-adrenoblockers

24. Phentolamine, tropaphen
are synthetic a1, 2-аdrenoblockers
administration
diagnostics and symptomatic treatment of feochromocytoma
disturbances of peripheral blood circulation in case of endarteritis, Reino’s disease, trophic ulcers, decubitus
complex treatment of hypertensive crises, acute cardiac insufficiency
complex therapy of hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock

25. Selective a1- adrenoblocker
Prasosin
Selective a1- adrenoblocker
Administration
treatment of essential hypertension
stabile cardiac insufficiency
Side effects
“phenomenon of first dose”: sudden decreasing of blood pressure and even development of orthostatic collapse after first administrations of the drug
Prophylaxis: administration of half-dose before sleep

26. Beta-adrenoblockers

27. Anaprilin Administration essential hypertension
Is a selective b1- і b2-adrenoblocker
Administration
ischemic heart disease
essential hypertension
cardiac tachyarrhythmias
acute myocardium infarction

30. Talinolol or cordanum Administration is a cardioselective
b-adrenoblocker
Administration
disorders of cardiac rhythm (extrasystolies, paroxysmal tachycardia, fibrillation and scintillation of atria)
stenocardia
arterial hypetension .

31. Atenolol (tenormin) essential hypertension cardiac arrhythmias
cardioselelctive -adrenoblocker of long action
Indications for administration
ischemic heart disease
essential hypertension
cardiac arrhythmias
acute myocardium infarction

32. 1-adrenoblocker with internal sympathomimetic activity
Acebutolol (sectral)
1-adrenoblocker with internal sympathomimetic activity
Indications
disorders of cardiac rhythm (tachyarrhythmias)
hypertension
ischemic heart disease

33. Labetolol Contraindications
-, -adrenoblocker. The drug blocks 1, 2, 1 and 2-adrenoreceptors
Administration
treatment of patients with essential hypertension
hypertensive crisis
Contraindications
Atrio-ventricular blockade,
cardiac insufficiency

35. Sympatholytics

36. Reserpin Administration Side effects manifestations of parkinsonism
is a sum of раувольфії (plant) alkaloids. Maximal hypotensive action develops after 5-7 days of regular administration of the drug. After the treatment coarse effect can still stay for two weeks.
Administration
treatment of different forms of essential hypertension (combined drugs trirezid, cristepin, adelfan, brinerdin)
Side effects
manifestations of parkinsonism
в’ялість, somnolence, depression,
bradycardia
increasing of motor and secretory activity of gastro-intestinal tract,
acute attacks of ulcer disease, diarrhea
swelling of nose mucous membrane with complication of nose breathing

37. Octadin
Is a sympatholytic with strong hypotensive effect. During administration of the drug decreasing of blood pressure develops gradually, after 2-3 days. After quitting of drug administration the effect still stays for 2 weeks.
Administration
heavy forms of arterial hypertension
Side effects
general weakness,
nausea, vomiting,
swelling of nose mucous membrane,
diarrhea,
storing of liquid in the organism,
orthostatic collapse.

38. Thanks for attention!
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