3. 1948 – Truman Elected

4. The USSR joins the “Nuclear Club” August 1949

5. ARMS RACE

6. 1st Hydrogen Bomb (H-bomb) “ ” 1952

8. Tested on coral island (Bikini Atoll) in Pacific

9. Mike fireball seconds after detonation

10. 1/2 hour after test... 60 mls 45,000 ft.

11. Election 1952 – Dwight D. Eisenhower becomes President

12. March ‘53: Stalin dies Nikita Khrushchev becomes next Soviet leader

13. Focus on air power & nukes instead of costly ground troops & navies

14. A smaller army & navy required new way of fighting communism Ike consults with John Foster Dulles

15. Sec of State Dulles proposes policy of...

17. If Soviets launch nuke at any nation the US would respond with one at them! Idea: Make Soviets think twice

18. This leads the 2 superpowers to...

19. Push enemy to brink of war Not backing down from a conflict Nukes or nothing!

20. 1953: Soviets create H-Bomb No US advantage!

21. Remember me? Robert J. Oppenheimer Here is my analogy of the situation

23. Mutually Assured Destruction

24. Country has enough bombs to insure that she can destroy enemy even if they have more bombs!

25. Game Over There is NO winner…everyone loses!

26. Do you realize the impact of this? We wage peace the same way we wage war... show strength...take risks...make enemy think you will attack

27. H-bomb nicknamed Bravo detonated by U.S. in South Pacific March 1, 1954

28. Bikini Atoll (again) contaminated with radiation

29. Bravo explosion

31. Bravo hydrogen bomb crater now

32. Japanese fishing boat 80 miles away covered in radioactive ash (fallout)

33. Also, all fishermen got radiation poisoning! People realized they could be harmed by nukes (& TESTS) even from far away

34. Fallout shelters in the backyard? Many public buildings became designated fallout shelters

35. Ike’s “open skies” idea Both nations would inspect each other’s military sites from air Plan died but at least they were talking 1954

36. Sputnik: ‘57 Americans freaked ( arms race = higher gear ) Small satellite launched by USSR

37. Why did Sputnik cause such a panic? 1- Showed Soviets were ahead in the arms race 2-Soviets smarter than us? 3-If they can launch this…?

38. What did we do about it? US launched new education initiative stressing math & science

39. Federal $$$ went to education in hopes we would train our kids & keep up with Soviets

40. ICBM: Inter- Continental Ballistic Missile 50’s: BOTH SIDES MAKE: