1. Appendicular Skeleton

2. Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder and hip) that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton.
Bones of the limbs help to get us from place to place and to manipulate our environment.

4. Clavicle Clavicle= collar bone S-shaped
Sternal end: attaches to manubrium of sternum
Acromial end: attaches to acromion on scapula
Supports shoulder

6. Scapula
Back of shoulder
Dorsal surface= back
Ventral surface= front

7. Scapula Spine: ridge that enlarges into acromion
Acromion: articulates with clavicle
Coracoid process: articulates with tendon of bicep
Glenoid fossa: socket where humerus fits
Scapular Notch

8. 4 1 3
Scapula/ Clavicle& Head of Humerus 2 6 5
Scapular notch: notch medial to coracoid process; for nerve

9. Scapula/ Clavicle& Head of Humerus
Acromion 10 11
Coracoid Process
Scapula/ Clavicle& Head of Humerus 12
Clavicle

10. Humerus: upper arm Head: always points toward median
Greater Tubercle: bulge on lateral side of proximal end
Lesser Tubercle: bulge on medial side of proximal end
Intertubicular groove: for tendon of biceps

12. Humerus: upper arm Medial epicondyle: bulge on distal medial side
Lateral epicondyle: bulge on distal lateral side
Coronoid fossa: depression in distal end
Olecranon fossa: indentation on posterior
Capitulum: head of radius connects here
Trochlea: next to capitulum; sideways hourglass

13. Humerus

14. Humerus

15. Ulna Little bone in forearm, pinky side
Olecranon: pointy part that sticks out of elbow
Semilunar notch: meets trochlea for flexion/extension
Coronoid process: fits onto coronoid fossa
Radial notch: head of radius fits into it
Styloid process: nobby end of ulna

17. Ulna & Radius

18. Radius Larger bone in forearm, thumb side, end=circle
Head: fits into capitulum
For supination/pronation
Radial tuberosity: bulge below head for muscle attachment: biceps
Styloid process: bulge on lateral (thumb side) of wrist

21. Hand
14 (3 rows)
Phalanges
Metacarpals 5 8
Carpals

22. Carpals of Hand Sally Left The Party To Take Cathy Home

23. Carpals Students Learn The Problem Short bones arranged in 2 rows of 4
Sliding joints between them
Posterior view
(thumb)The Teachers Couldn’t Help (pinky)
Students Learn The Problem

24. Metacarpals
1st bones within hand
#1-5
1= thumb, 5= pinky

25. Phalanges Proximal, middle, distal
Digits 2-5 have 3 (thumb is missing middle phalange)

26. Lower Limb 3 Coxal bones + sacrum= Pelvic Girdle
Ilium: superior ½ including ridge of hip you feel
Ischium: posterior lower half
Pubis: anterior lower half, makes V

28. Ilium- superior half Iliac crest: top ridge
Anterior iliac spine: comes to point at front
Posterior iliac spine: comes to point in back
Greater sciatic notch: big notch faces back, for sciatic nerve

29. Ischium- posterior lower 1/2
Ischial Spine: point below notch
Lesser Sciatic notch: smaller notch below spine
Ischial Tuberosity:
bulge below lesser
sciatic notch
Lesser sciatic notch

30. Pubis- anterior lower 1/2
Ramus: 2 bars, parts of V
Pubic symphysis: fibrocartilage that connects 2 pubis bones in middle
Ramus

31. Male vs. Female Crests at wider angles in females
Pelvic bowl larger in females
Pubic angle= greater than 90 in females, less than 90 in males

32. Acetabulum Giant fossa where femur articulates
All three bones meet here

33. Obturator foramen
Giant hole between ischium and pubis

34. Femur

35. Femur landmarks Head: fits into acetabulum of coxal
Greater trochanter: anterior, superior
Lesser trochanter: below greater, posterior
Medial/Lateral condyle: balls on distal end
Medial/Lateral epicondyle: projections on condyles
Intercondylar notch: between condyles

37. Patella
Knee cap

38. Tibia landmarks Tibia= shin bone, larger bone in lower leg
Intercondylar eminence: bump between condyles
Medial/Lateral condyle
Tibial tuberosity: bump on anterior side for largest muscle group attachment
Medial malleolus: medial bump of ankle

39. Fibula & Tibia

40. Fibula landmarks Fibula= lateral to tibia, smaller Head
Lateral malleolus: lateral bump of ankle

41. 3 sets: Proximal 5 7 Middle (not in big toe) distal Phalanges
Metatarsals 7
Tarsals
Calcaneus

42. Tarsals of Foot

43. Tarsals (7)
Talus
Calcaneus = heel
Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms (3)