1. Nutritional Strategies to Reduce Feed Costs Rommel C. Sulabo and Hans H. Stein Univ. of Illinois http://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu

2. H. H. Stein Importance of F/G For each 0.10 lb improvement in F/G, profit increases by $3.0 per marketed pig A 10% improvement in F/G corresponds to an improvement of 0.30 lb ($9.0/pig)

3. Tip 1: Start with what you can control Reduce feed wastage Check all feeders, delivery systems, feed bins Adjust feeders routinely Improve pellet quality

5. Poor feeder adjustment

6. H. H. Stein Item Diet form:MealPelletDiff. Daily gain, lb1.831.988.2% Daily feed intake, lb6.646.843.1% FCR3.653.455.8% Wondra et al., 1992 Effect of pelleting Target: < 20% fines at the feeder

7. Tip 2: Check the particle size of your feed

8. Effect of Particle Size < 70086.1 82.985.8 1.74 700-1000 84.9 80.584.4 1.84 > 100083.7 79.182.6 1.92 Particle Size Digestibility Microns DM CP Energy F/G KSU, 1985 Target: 600-800 microns

9. Tip 3: Maximize the use of DDGS in your diets

10. DDGS Value, GF diets Corn ($/Bu): SBM ($/ton): 3.04.05.06.07.0 250162 (152) 182 (180) 203 (207) 223 (234) 239 (260) 300182 (161) 204 (189) 224 (216) 245 (244) 260 (270) 350205 (171) 225 (199) 245 (226) 266 (253) 281 (279) 400217 (178) 240 (206) 263 (234) 283 (261) 303 (289)

11. Diet costs with 0 to 50% DDGS $/Ton  $7 to 9 per ton for every 10% of DDGS included in the diet

12. Inclusion Rates of DDGS ItemRecommendMaximum Gestation50 Lactation3040 Nursery, 1+2020 Nursery, 3+430 Grow-Finish3045 Late Finish2030

13. Tip 4: Reduce or eliminate inorganic phosphorus

14. H. H. Stein Effect of Phytase STTD, % Almeida and Stein, 2010 * P < 0.05 * *

15. Phytase diets Diet1234 Phytase05000 Corn61.7662.07547.8948.145 SBM32.00 26.00 DDGS--20.00 DCP1.150.350.65- OthersTo 100% 15 Total P0.590.440.580.48 STTD P0.32 Almeida and Stein, 2010

16. Effects on Performance Diet1234P < DDGS P < phytase Phytase05000 -- Initial BW, kg11.111.211.111.20.230.13 ADG, g5074835115150.070.30 ADFI, g7727898118060.060.66 G:F6616146346400.950.05 Final BW, kg21.821.321.922.00.080.33 16 P retention2.052.072.352.330.030.99 P excretion1.680.821.430.820.01 Almeida and Stein, 2010

17. Tip 5: Look for alternative feed ingredients Consider other small grains Wheat Sorghum Barley Oats 107% or lower 96% or lower 85% or lower 80% or lower

18. Tip 5: Look for alternative feed ingredients Consider other co-products Wheat middlings Hominy feed Bakery by-products

19. Fish meal replacements Fermented soybean meal Enzyme-treated SBM Intestinal peptide products Crystalline amino acids Tip 5: Look for alternative feed ingredients

20. Tip 7: Review your feed additives Calculate economic return (New Diet $ - Old Diet $) x 100 = % improvement Old Diet $ in F/G needed to pay for itself Consider other benefits – gain – carcass quality – death loss

21. Checklist Start with what you can control Check the particle size of your feed Maximize the use of DDGS in your diets Reduce or eliminate inorganic phosphorus Look for alternative ingredients Use fish meal replacements Review your feed additives

22. H. H. Stein Thank you for your attention http://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu