1. Unit 2 Chemistry Lesson 1 States of Matter Essential Questions: 1.) How do you describe a solid? 2.) How do you describe a liquid? 3.) How do you describe a gas?

2. How do you describe a solid? A state of matter with a definite Solid shape and volume  A solid does not take the shape of its container The apple’s shape and size is different than the bowl’s shape and size. If you put the apple on the table its shape and size will not change because it is a solid.

3. Particles In A Solid  They are packed closely together.  Each particle is fixed in one position.  The particles vibrate slightly.

4. Types of Solids Solids that are made of Crystalline solids crystals. The particles form a repeating pattern. The solid can melt at a certain temperature. Salt, sugar and snow are crystalline solids.

5. A solid where the particles Amorphous solids do not form a regular pattern. The solid does not melt at a certain temperature. Glass and plastic are examples of amorphous solids.

6. Types of Solids Use the Venn diagram to compare the characteristics of amorphous and crystalline solids.

7. How do you describe a liquid? A state of matter that has a Liquid definite volume but no definite shape  A liquid can take the shape of its container The ice tea has the same volume in both containers. However, the shape of the ice tea changes in each container.

8. Particles In A Liquid  They are packed together.  They move around freely but still touch.

9. Properties of Liquids An inward force or pull Surface tension among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer. Water beads up on the surface of the leaves because the water molecules attract one another.

10. A liquid’s resistance toViscosity flowing that depends on the size, shape and attraction of the particles Honey is an example of a liquid with very high viscosity.

11. How do you describe a gas? A state of matter that does notGas have a definite shape or volume When you use helium to fill balloons, the gas particles expand to fill the balloon. It takes the shape and volume of the balloon.

12. Particles In A Gas  They move in all directions.  Gas particles will spread apart and fill the container.

13. Volume and Gas  The volume of a gas is the same volume as its container. The gas particles spread a part and fill the space. Helium gas can be pressed together tightly to fit into a tank. The gas expands to fill the balloon which has a greater volume than the tank.

14. Pressure and Gas  Gas pressure is caused by the gas particles pushing on the walls of the container. The pressure is greater on the inside of the balloon. The gas particles are hitting the inner surface more often than the particles on the outside of the balloon.

15. Temperature and Gas  The faster the particles are moving, the greater their energy and the higher the temperature. Temperature of a Gas Why do hot gas particles move faster than cold gas particles?

16. A propane burner is used to heat the air inside a hot air balloon. Once the temperature is hot enough, the balloon will start to rise.