1. WWII Leaders

2. Great Britain – Neville Chamberlain Allied Powers British Prime Minister 1937-40 “Architect” of Appeasement Accepted Hitler’s claim to the Sudentenland (Czech) in Munich Pact Honored pledge to defend Poland and entered WWII. “Peace for our time.”

3. Great Britain – Winston Churchill Allied Powers British PM May 1940-45 Predicted appeasement would lead to war Rallied British citizens in Battle of Britain Member of “Big Three” “We shall never surrender!”

4. France – Charles DeGaulle Allied Powers Leader of the “Free French” 1940-44 Worked to liberate France from Axis control Created the Provisional Government of the French Republic Le General or "le Grand Charles"

5. U.S. - Franklin D. Roosevelt Allied Powers U.S. President 1932- 45 America=Isolationist but he sympathized with Britain March 1941:Lend-Lease Act Aug 1941: Atlantic Charter Dec 1941: Pearl Harbor= “Day of Infamy” Member of “Big Three” “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

6. U.S.S.R.- Stalin Axis/Allied Powers Soviet Premier: 1929-53 Nazi-Soviet Non- Aggression Pact Joins Allies after German invasion of USSR Member of “Big Three”

7. Germany - Hitler Axis Powers German Fuhrer: 1933-45 Violates treaty Aggression leads to outbreak of WWII Aims to conquer/world domination Holocaust

8. Italy - Mussolini Axis Powers Il Duce: 1922-43 Rebuilds “Roman Empire” Waits to enter WWII until June 1940 Italian army weak and ineffective Sept 1943: Italian surrender to Allies

9. Japan – Emperor Hirohito Axis Powers Emperor of Japan: 1926- 1945 Seen as a living god His role in WWII unclear: Pawn of the Japanese militarists OR Informed participant on the expansionist policies?