1. How far people are willing to walk to public transport? A case study in Munich City Walk21,Vienna 22.10.2015 Rumana Islam Sarker Research Assistant, Institute for Infrastructure Engineering, Unit for Intelligent Transportation Systems, University of Innsbruck, Austria

2. Outline of the presentation Introduction Methodology Characteristics of the respondents Findings Conclusion and recommendation 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

3. Introduction Source: Werner,2011 SWM/MVG 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

4. Introduction Region U/S bahn (Subway/rapid transit) Tram/Bus Core zone600 m300 m Area with high density use600 m400 m Area with low-density1000 m600 m Nahverkehrsplan der Landeshauptstadt München, 2005 Wikitravel, 2015 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

5. How far people are willing to walk for different local public transport modes? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

6. 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

7. Introduction According to the ‚Local public transport plan for the city of Munich’ it is assumed that : o Lower urban density leads to bigger catchment area o People walk farther to a subway/suburban train than to a tram/bus Are these assumptions true? What are the reasons which influence the decision of choosing a route? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

8. Methodology  Selection of the station The whole Munich region is divided into 16 rings and 4 zones which are called MVV (Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund) region. Categories (based on the transport lines plan of Munich for MVV area): Inner city area Residential and Commercial area with different route/mode choice Mostly suburban area with least mode of transport * Transport Lines are written according to MVV network and stations are chosen with the consult of supervisor * Nightlines are excluded from the analysis 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

9. Methodology: Data collection process Intercept survey  Paper based questionnaire First part: Actual and accepted walking time to reach the station The reasons behind the choice of the route Travel purpose and mobility pattern (ticket,driving license,car occupancy) Second part: Socio-demographic questions (age, gender, occupation etc.) 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

10. Methodology: Data collection plan Survey is conducted within the period of April-May 2014 for 180 hours. Performance of the survey is planned to conduct from 8:00 am till 18:00 pm with minimum 3 respondents/hour to achieve the goal of 500 respondents. MorningNoonEvening 9-11 am13-15 pm16-18pm re-arranged plan: 6 hours/day The survey is conducted also in weekends and holidays to monitor different travel patterns and trip purpose. Data analysis All the result is transferred for the analysis to the statistical software ‘SPSS 22’ (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) The catchment area analysis is performed with the network analyst tool of ArcGIS 10.1 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

11. Characteristics of the respondents 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

12. Characteristics of the respondents : By mode  X 30 was taken in to consideration not to compare with other modes but to observe the reception of this new line among the respondents 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

13. Findings: Lower urban density leads to a bigger catchment area Inner city (ex: Sendlinger Tor) Residential/commercial area with different route/mode choice (ex: Neuperlach süd) Mostly suburban area with least mode of transport (ex: Ismaning) 240 Respondents who provided exact address among 500 respondents are included in this analysis 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

14. Findings: Lower urban density leads to a bigger catchment area Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 1-Inner city area Category 2-Residential and Commercial area with different route/mode choice Category 3-Mostly suburban area with least mode of transport Total respondents= 500 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

15. People walk more for subway/suburban train than tram/bus - Conviction or prediction?? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

16. Findings: People walk more for subway/suburban train than tram/bus ( actual time) 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

17. Findings: People walk more for subway/suburban train than tram/bus ( preferred time)  Respondents would accept to walk considerably longer for Ubahn/Sbahn than bus/tram Total respondents: Bus= 485, Tram= 459, U bahn= 487, S bahn= 465 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

18. Findings: People walk more for subway/suburban train than tram/bus (Statistical test) T-Test for actual walking time(ex: Bus and U bahn) T-Test for preferred walking time(ex: Bus and S bahn) 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

19. How accurately people assume their walking time? Do they over-estimate or under-estimate?  From the difference between the ArcGIS calculated time and self estimated time, it is observed that around 45.4% respondents assumed their walking time nearly accurate, when there is no time difference or only difference of ±1 minute. 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

20. How to reach the station? Which route and Why? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

21. What are the Influential factors for route choice? Reason for route choice Very important (%) Direct path connection76 Shortest distance76 Enjoy walking46 Shorter waiting time20 Attractive environment11 Safety11 Health10 Any Other Factors?- Example: High heels Is there any relation between factors influencing the route choice and the maximum accepted walking time for different mode? How to test?? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna

22. Conclusion and recommendation  wider approach ( ex: household travel survey )  Some dedicated analysis only for public transport modes can (similar to this study) also be included into future MiD (Mobilität in Deutschland) for Munich city How these assessments can be incorporated to improve the situation? How these trends of travel behaviour can be utilize for the betterment of PuT? 22.10.2015Rumana Islam Sarker Walk 21, Vienna