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The Beginnings of Industrialization Industrial Revolution- Great increase in machine production that began in England in the 18 th century Enclosure- Large.

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Presentation on theme: "The Beginnings of Industrialization Industrial Revolution- Great increase in machine production that began in England in the 18 th century Enclosure- Large."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Beginnings of Industrialization Industrial Revolution- Great increase in machine production that began in England in the 18 th century Enclosure- Large closed-in field for farming Crop Rotation- Planting a different crop in a different field each year Industrialization- Process of developing machine production of goods Factors of Production- conditions needed to produce goods and services Factory- building where goods are made Entrepreneur- Person who organizes, manages, and takes on the financial risk of business enterprise

2 Background Greatly increased output of machine made goods that began in England during the 18 th century. Wealthy landowners bought up land where small farmers worked – Dramatically improved farming methods – “Agricultural” Revolution – Led to Industrial Rvolution

3 Agricultural Revolution Wealthy landowners enclosed their land with hedges or fences – Experimented with new farming methods – Forced smaller farmers to move to the cities Jethro Tull – Seed Drill placed seeds at specific depths straight rows more seeds germinated

4 Crop Rotation Improved upon older methods of farming Replenish nutrients depleted by previous corps – Wheat to turnips to barley to clover

5 Why did it start in Britain? Large population of workers Natural resources – Water power and coal to fuel new machines – Iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings – Rivers for inland transportation – Harbors for merchant ships

6 Why Britain? Expanding economy could support industrialization Banking systems allowed business development Political Stability FACTORS OF PRODUCTION – Land, Labor, and Capital (wealth)

7 Inventions Spur Advances TEXTILES (Cloth / Fabric) 1733 – John Kay – Flying Shuttle 1764 – James Hargreaves – Flying Jenny 1769 – Richard Arkwright – Water Frame 1779 – Samuel Crompton – Spinning Mule 1787 – Edmund Cartwright – Power Loom 1793 – Eli Whitney – Cotton Gin

8 Other Advancements James Watt – improved the steam engine 1764 Robert Fulton – Steam driven boat Clermont “Macadam Road” Expansion of Rail System


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