1. Wednesday Seminars start this week, Monday seminars start next week Wednesday Seminars start this week, Monday seminars start next week Reading for next weeks lecture: Spence chapter 6-7, Schoppa chapter 3 Reading for next weeks lecture: Spence chapter 6-7, Schoppa chapter 3 First essay due week 7 First essay due week 7

13. Language Seven major dialect groups in Chinese language Seven major dialect groups in Chinese language Mandarin– a state-sanctioned, standardized language, based on a northern dialect. Now spoken as “standard” Chinese in the People ’ s Republic Mandarin– a state-sanctioned, standardized language, based on a northern dialect. Now spoken as “standard” Chinese in the People ’ s Republic Cantonese—spoken in southern China and Hong Kong Cantonese—spoken in southern China and Hong Kong Hundreds of Mutually Unintelligible Dialects Hundreds of Mutually Unintelligible Dialects One writing system throughout– a powerful force for cultural unification One writing system throughout– a powerful force for cultural unification

14. Pronunciation Pinyin vs. Wade Giles Pinyin vs. Wade Giles Pinyin: most common romanization for Chinese Pinyin: most common romanization for Chinese C pronounced ts (tsar) C pronounced ts (tsar) Z pronounced dz Z pronounced dz Q pronounced ch (chin) Q pronounced ch (chin) X pronounced sh X pronounced sh

17. Mandarin 妈 Ma 1 妈 Ma 1 麻 Ma 2 麻 Ma 2 马 Ma 3 马 Ma 3 骂 Ma 4 骂 Ma 4

18. Romanization Pinyin—widely used, especially in the PRC Pinyin—widely used, especially in the PRC Wade Giles—an older form, used in Taiwan Wade Giles—an older form, used in Taiwan Zhang Zuolin Chang Tso-lin Mao Zedong Mao Tse-tung

19. Chinese Dynasties Xia Dynasty About 1994 BCE - 1766 BCE Xia Dynasty About 1994 BCE - 1766 BCE Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE - 1027 BCE Shang Dynasty 1766 BCE - 1027 BCE Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE plus suppliment Zhou Dynasty 1122 BCE -256 BCE plus suppliment Qin Dynasty 221 BCE - 206 BCE Qin Dynasty 221 BCE - 206 BCE Early Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 9 AD Early Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 9 AD Later Han Dynasty 25 AD - 220 AD Later Han Dynasty 25 AD - 220 AD Three Kingdoms - Period of Disunion 220 AD - 280 AD Three Kingdoms - Period of Disunion 220 AD - 280 AD Sui Dynasty 589 AD - 618 AD Sui Dynasty 589 AD - 618 AD Tang Dynasty 618 AD - 907 AD Tang Dynasty 618 AD - 907 AD Song Dynasty 969 AD - 1279 AD Song Dynasty 969 AD - 1279 AD Yuan Dyansty 1279 AD - 1368 AD Yuan Dyansty 1279 AD - 1368 AD Ming Dynasty 1368 AD - 1644 AD Ming Dynasty 1368 AD - 1644 AD Qing Dynasty 1644 AD - 1912 AD Qing Dynasty 1644 AD - 1912 AD