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Chapter 8 “Rock Around the Clock” : Rock ‘n Roll, 1954-59
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Covers (textbook, p. 247-252) “Shake, Rattle & Roll” - Big Joe Turner (R&B # 1, Pop #22) : Shake, Rattle, & Roll- Joe Turner – YouTube - Bill Haley and the Comets (Pop # 7) : Shake, Rattle and Roll - Bill Haley and his CometsShake, Rattle, & Roll- Joe Turner – YouTubeShake, Rattle and Roll - Bill Haley and his Comets “Sh-Boom” - The Chords (R&B # 2, Pop # 5) : The Chords - Sh Boom - The Crewcuts (Pop # 1) : The Crew Cuts - Sh-Boom - YouTubeThe Chords - Sh BoomThe Crew Cuts - Sh-Boom - YouTube “Mystery Train” - Junior Parker : Little Junior Parker - Mystery Train - Elvis Presley (C&W # 11) : ELVIS PRESLEY//Mystery Train - YouTubeLittle Junior Parker - Mystery TrainELVIS PRESLEY//Mystery Train - YouTube
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White Covers R & B hits (Independent Labels) “covered” by Major labels (White Performers) “pretested” = less commercial risk Lyrics often toned down (sexual references made less explicit) Recorded sound “improved” (cleaned up) Who wins and who gets ripped off? Difference in payments (flat fee [usually for Black performers] vs. per unit royalty [White performers])
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Sun Records (Memphis) Elvis Presley, Bill Black, Scotty Moore, Sam Phillips (owner) Sam Phillips, owner/producer
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Elvis Aaron Presley (1935-1977) b. Tupelo, MS (poor white rural) Wide range of musical influences 1948 – to Memphis 1953 – 1 st time at Sun Studios 1954 – demos for Phillips (“That’s All Right Mama” / “Blue Moon of Kentucky”) Public performances 1955 - Col. Tom Parker, manager Contract sold to RCA TV – 1956 1958-60 – into Army
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Louisiana Hayride Elvis Presley. I Got A Woman.Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954- 1956.Remastered.2011. – YouTubeElvis Presley. I Got A Woman.Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954- 1956.Remastered.2011. – YouTube Elvis Presley. Tweedle Dee.Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954-1956.Remastered.2011. – YouTubeElvis Presley. Tweedle Dee.Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954-1956.Remastered.2011. – YouTube Elvis Presley. Maybellene. ( Tunzi Remix ).Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954- 1956.Remastered.2011. - YouTubeElvis Presley. Maybellene. ( Tunzi Remix ).Louisiana Hayride Archives 1954- 1956.Remastered.2011. - YouTube
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Elvis on Television Jan-Feb ’56: Stage Show (CBS) - Variety show hosted by Dorsey Brothers - No special interest or reaction Milton Berle Show (1948-56) (“Mr. Television”) - 3 Apr ’56 (on Battleship USS Hancock) - 5 June ’56 : Elvis Presley - Hound Dog (1956) HD 0815007Elvis Presley - Hound Dog (1956) HD 0815007 “Elvis the pelvis” – panned by critics as obscene
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Elvis on Television (part 2) The Steve Allen Show - Sunday night variety (competitor to Ed Sullivan) - 1 July ’56 : “Hound Dog” : ELVIS PRESLEY on THE STEVE ALLEN SHOW 1956 "Hound Dog"ELVIS PRESLEY on THE STEVE ALLEN SHOW 1956 "Hound Dog" Ed Sullivan Show - The Leading TV Variety Show - 9 Sept ’56 : "ELVIS DEBUTS ON TELEVISION" - (September 9, 1956)"ELVIS DEBUTS ON TELEVISION" - (September 9, 1956) - 28 Oct ’56 : ELVIS PRESLEY "Hound Dog" on The Ed Sullivan Show - YouTubeELVIS PRESLEY "Hound Dog" on The Ed Sullivan Show - YouTube - 6 Jan ’57 : ELVIS PRESLEY "Don't Be Cruel" on The Ed Sullivan Show – YouTube (text book LG, p. 264-6)ELVIS PRESLEY "Don't Be Cruel" on The Ed Sullivan Show – YouTube
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Elvis Presley – Singer/Personality No Original Material Eclectic vocal style Stage presence & overt sexuality – “Elvis the Pelvis” Universal appeal (all charts) Examples - (1 st rec. 1954) : Elvis Presley.... Thats Alright (Mama)- First Release - 1954 [cf. Crudup 1946 original : Arthur Crudup - That's All Right (original version) – YouTube] - (1957) YouTube - Elvis Presley - Jailhouse Rock (Music Video) - (1957 movie) YouTube - Elvis Presley - Love Me Tender (End Scene) - (RCA rec.) Love Me Tender Elvis Presley original 1956 – YouTube - Elvis Presley - Don't Be Cruel (Textbook, p. 264-66)Elvis Presley.... Thats Alright (Mama)- First Release - 1954Arthur Crudup - That's All Right (original version) – YouTubeYouTube - Elvis Presley - Jailhouse Rock (Music Video)YouTube - Elvis Presley - Love Me Tender (End Scene)Love Me Tender Elvis Presley original 1956 – YouTubeElvis Presley - Don't Be Cruel
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Carl Perkins (1932-1998) born to Tennessee sharecropper Gospel & black music “Rockabilly” (CP is “The King of ….”) Examples - Carl Perkins - Blue Suede Shoes - Perry Como Show -1956 ( Country # 1, Pop # 2) - Carl Perkins - Honey Don't (1955) (B-side: “Blue Suede Shoes”) - Carl Perkins - Matchbox - 1984 - YouTubeCarl Perkins - Blue Suede Shoes - Perry Como Show -1956Carl Perkins - Honey Don't (1955) Carl Perkins - Matchbox - 1984 - YouTube
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Jerry Lee Lewis (b. 1935) b. Louisiana - poor family (religious) - cousins (J. Gilley & Jimmy Swaggert) Boogie woogie piano style “Wild man of Rock ‘n Roll” Examples - Jerry Lee Lewis - Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On (1957) (Pop # 3, # 1 on Country AND R&B!) - Great Balls of Fire-Jerry Lee Lewis- original song-1957 – YouTube (Pop # 2, # 1 on Country AND R&B!) - jerry lee lewis - good golly miss molly.wmv – YouTube - Jerry Lee Lewis -Whole Lotta Shakin Going On (Live 1964) - YouTubeJerry Lee Lewis - Whole Lotta Shakin' Going On (1957)Great Balls of Fire-Jerry Lee Lewis- original song-1957 – YouTubejerry lee lewis - good golly miss molly.wmv – YouTubeJerry Lee Lewis -Whole Lotta Shakin Going On (Live 1964) - YouTube
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Buddy Holly (1936-1959) b. Lubbock, TX Influenced by Elvis, etc. C&W meets R&B for Pop audiences Examples - Buddy Holly -THAT'LL BE THE DAY - Original song – YouTube (Pop # 1, R&B # 2)Buddy Holly -THAT'LL BE THE DAY - Original song – YouTube - YouTube - Buddy Holly on the Arthur Murray Dance Party 12/29/57 (Peggy Sue) (# 3 on both Pop and R&B )YouTube - Buddy Holly on the Arthur Murray Dance Party 12/29/57
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Ritchie Valens (1941-59) Mexican-American “Chicano Rock” “La Bamba” - Mexican folk song - US Pop chart # 22 (1958) Ex. “La Bamba” “Son Jarocho” style (Veracruz, Mexico) - TLEN HUICANI - La Bamba (Son Jarocho) www.musicajarocha.com – YouTube - la bamba son jarocho – YouTube - The Real Ritchie Valens - La Bamba – YouTube (text book LG, p. 273-5)TLEN HUICANI - La Bamba (Son Jarocho) www.musicajarocha.com – YouTubela bamba son jarocho – YouTubeThe Real Ritchie Valens - La Bamba – YouTube
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3 February 1959 5 miles NW of Mason City, IA Airport
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“The Day the Music Died” Buddy Holly Ritchie Valens (“Donna” / “La Bamba”) J.P. Richardson, aka “The Big Bopper” (“Chantilly Lace”)
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Payola DJs as entry points to market 200+ records a week! Money, gifts, etc. (legal) ASCAP (tin pan alley) vs. BMI (pop, etc.) US Congress investigates New FCC rules Alan Freed & others fired Dick Clark (American Bandstand) escapes Alan Freed Dick Clark
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End of the “Rock ‘n Roll” era Into the US Army (1958-1960) Legal Troubles and Prison (1959-63) Gets Religion (1957-63) “Reverend Penniman” (1958): his 2 nd Marriage to his 1 st cousin (once removed)
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Chapter 9 “Good Vibrations” : American Pop and the British Invasion, the 1960s
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22 November 1963
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Martin Luther King Memphis, 4 April 1968 Washington, DC, 28 August 1963
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Vietnam & Kent State 4 May 1970 1965-1975
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1968 Election
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Protests
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20 July 1969
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Woodstock 1969
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