1. Subject Analysis: The INIS Thesaurus Olga Vakula 12-16 October 2015

2. Introduction to Subject Analysis Piece of literature – INIS record: 1.Bibliographic description 2.Subject description Bibliographic description Subject analysis 2

3. Introduction to Subject Analysis Steps of Subject Analysis  subject classification (categorization)  abstracting  subject indexing List of Subject Categories and Scope Descriptions http://nkp.iaea.org/INISSubjectCategories/ Subject Specialist - understanding of the subject content - familiarity with the Thesaurus and indexing rules 3

4. INIS Thesaurus terminological control device translating natural language system language semantically and generically related terms specific domain of knowledge „A thesaurus is a terminological control device used in translating from the natural language of documents, indexers or users into a more constrained system language. It is a controlled and dynamic vocabulary of semantically and generically related terms which covers a specific domain of knowledge“ This definition has been adopted by UNESCO „Guidelines for the establishment and development of monolingual thesauri“, UNESCO, SC/W/255, Paris, September 1973 INIS Thesaurus The INIS Thesaurus contains the controlled terminology for indexing all information within the subject scopes of the International Nuclear Information System (INIS). The terminology is intended for use in subject descriptions for input or retrieval of information in INIS, as well as in other suitable systems. 4

5. INIS Thesaurus: structure  Descriptors  Descriptors – well defined and unambiguous interrelationships between terms:  Structure of the terminology is based on the interrelationships between terms: Preferential (preferred choice in cases of semantic ambiguity or when less precision is required) Symbols: UF used for/USE SF seen for/SEE… OR… Hierarchical (broader and narrower terms) Symbols: BT/NT Affinitive (related terms) Symbols: RT 5

6. Interrelationships: examples photoemission spectroscopy 2015-06-03 USE photoelectron spectroscopy QUANTUM OPTICS 2015-02-24 A field of research where interactions with light and matter are studied on the basis of quantum mechanical properties of light. BT1 optics RT lasers RT quantum electronics RT quantum mechanics ABUNDANCE 1992-03-09 SF concentration SF concentration (analytical) SF concentration dependence NT1 element abundance RT chemical composition RT concentration ratio RT isotope ratio RT ore composition THREE-DIMENSIONAL LATTICES 2015-06-22 *BT1 crystal lattices NT1 cubic lattices NT2 bcc lattices NT2 fcc lattices NT1 hexagonal lattices NT2 hcp lattices NT1 monoclinic lattices NT1 orthorhombic lattices NT1 pentagonal lattices NT1 tetragonal lattices NT1 triclinic lattices NT1 trigonal lattices PARTICLE ELECTRIC POLARIZABILITY 2015-01-29 UF polarizability (particle electric) *BT1 particle polarizability RT electric dipole moments aircraft fuels 2000-04-12 SEE gasoline SEE jet engine fuels 6

7. INIS Thesaurus: structure  The descriptor is placed in its correct semantic context by its wordblock - forbidden, broader, narrower and related terms  For a few descriptors where there could still exist a possibility of ambiguity (homonyms) - scope note  Descriptors 30 897 descriptors with scope notes  22 182 valid terms and  8 715 forbidden terms 7

8. Examples 1. "The conductivity of the solution was measured at different temperatures" 2. "The solution of the differential equation was derived by means of computer calculations " SOLUTIONS 1999-10-11 For chemical solutions only. For mathematics see the word block of MATHEMATICAL SOLUTIONS. *BT1 homogeneous mixtures NT1 aqueous solutions NT1 fuel solutions NT1 hypertonic solutions NT1 isotonic solutions NT1 leachates NT1 process solutions NT1 solid solutions RT brines RT buffers RT dilution RT dissolution RT organic solvents RT saturation RT sols RT solubility RT solutes RT solvents RT supersaturation 8

9. Examples PRODUCTION Limited to industrial production; see also PARTICLE PRODUCTION. UF output RT availability RT capacity RT computer-aided manufacturing RT fabrication RT gross domestic product RT gross national product RT isotope production RT manufacturing RT planning RT productivity 9

10. Indexing rules  Document Interpretation Rule such information you would yourself expect “ Choose such information items for indexing as you would yourself expect to find in the piece of literature if you were the user searching for that information.” Important (Important: avoid over-indexing)  The Specificity Rule (I) most specific “Always use the most specific appropriate descriptor.” KINETICS NT1 radionuclide kinetics NT1 reaction kinetics NT2 biochemical reaction kinetics NT3 cpb (competitive protein binding) NT2 chemical reaction kinetics NT3 combustion kinetics NT2 nuclear reaction kinetics NT1 reactor kinetics RT collisions RT deck effect RT dynamics RT gases RT mechanics RT motion RT statistical mechanics RT translocation 10

11. Indexing rules  The Specificity Rule (II) descriptorbroaderterms ”Do not assign a descriptor and one of its broader terms to the same item.” NANOMATERIALS 2014-10-28 Materials containing particles where, for most of the particles, one or more external dimensions are in the size range 1 nm – 100 nm. (See also NANOSTRUCTURES.) BT1 materials NT1 nanocomposites RT dendrimers RT metamaterials RT nanoparticles  Find implicit information: "The reaction is enhanced by the presence of platinum" contains the concept CATALYSIS "The long-half-life carbon isotope" refers to CARBON 14 "A computer code was developed" - for PROGRAMMING 11

12. Data Flagging DATA For data flagging always use a more specific term. UF measured values SF recorded information SF tables SF values BT1 information NT1 data compilation NT1 numerical data NT2 compiled data NT2 evaluated data NT2 experimental data NT2 financial data NT2 statistical data NT2 theoretical data RT cinda (Computer Index of Nuclear Data) RT comparative evaluations RT data base management RT data covariances RT data processing RT information needs RT redundancy 12

13. Proposed terms  The Proposal Rule propose “If no suitable descriptor exists in the Thesaurus for the retrieval of a useful concept, propose a new one, containing the following”:  Proposed term  Proposed word block of the term (in particular proposed BTs)  Potential forbidden terms pointing to this proposed descriptor  Scope note when appropriate  Explanation and justification for the proposal  One or more sample records (search ICS for this term) Advisory Group: Google based Advisory Group: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/inisthesaurus 13

14. Proposed terms: mistaken proposals Abbreviations  TLD dosimeters →THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSEMETERS Existing forbidden terms proposed  Energy deposition → use ENERGY ABSORPTION Concept could be represented by existing term  Tissue engineering → GENETIC ENGINEERING typos (!) English language related: plural/singular, spelling and typos (!)  Developing country → DEVELOPING COUTRIES  Fungus → FUNGI  Colour → COLOR MMUI  Comercial bildings → COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 14

15. Indexing Procedures: summary 1.Carefully read the title and abstract and scan the full text (grasp the concept) 2.Identify the concept about which the document contains useful information (pretend you are a user, not an indexer) 3."Translate" the concepts into descriptors 4.Check each descriptor to make sure that:  - the descriptors represent as precisely as possible the major concept;  - the definition matches the use;  - the selected descriptor is the most specific appropriate choice 5.Avoid over-indexing (number of descriptors: 8-12 ) 15

16. INIS Thesaurus: access English versionFIBRECAI English version integrated with FIBRE and CAI for indexing MultilingualThesaurus Multilingual Thesaurus (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Russian, Spanish)  Integrated with INIS Collection Search http://inis.iaea.org/search/ http://inis.iaea.org/search/  Interactive Multilingual INIS Thesaurus with navigation capabilities http://nkp.iaea.org/Thesaurus/ http://nkp.iaea.org/Thesaurus/ 16

17. Single-, bi- and multilingual Thesauri Single language Thesauri in PDF Bilingual Thesauri in PDF Multilingual dictionary 17

18. Thesaurus update  English  English language - monthly Available in pdf and XML (Member’s Area of INIS web-site)  Mono-bi-multilingual  Mono-, bi- and multilingual thesauri - twice a year:  January;  July take this information into consideration We encourage you to take this information into consideration so, that we could always stay up-to-date with all the changes and provide the latest and most relevant product to our users. 18

19. Monolingual and bi-lingual Thesauri update 19

20. Thank you! 20