1. China 589 - 1279 C.E.

2. Sui Dynasty  Han Dynasty collapsed (220 C.E)  Yang Jian unified China Sui dynasty Sui dynasty (589 – 618 C.E) (589 – 618 C.E)  Strong Centralized government Tight political discipline Tight political discipline Who does this remind you of? Who does this remind you of?  The Grand Canal Connects Northern and Southern China Connects Northern and Southern China 1,240 miles 1,240 miles Why was the canal significant for China? Why was the canal significant for China?

3. End of Sui Dynasty  Predictions? (Be Specific)  Dependence on high taxes Construction projects Construction projects  Forced labor Construction projects Construction projects  Military campaign in Korea Rebellions in 610s Rebellions in 610s 618 Sui Yangdi assassinated 618 Sui Yangdi assassinated

4. Chinese Dynasties  Tang Dynasty  618 - 907 C.E.  Song Dynasty  960 - 1279 C.E.

5. Trade in Postclassical China  Agricultural innovations Fast-Ripening Rice Fast-Ripening Rice Fertilizer Fertilizer  Economic innovations Paper Money Paper Money “flying cash” “flying cash” Promissory notes Promissory notes  Exports Silk and Porcelain Silk and Porcelain  Trade routes Grand Canal Grand Canal Silk Road Silk Road Indian Ocean Indian Ocean

6. Trade in Postclassical China  Religion Buddhism Buddhism Silk RoadSilk Road Islam Islam Zoroastrianism Zoroastrianism Christianity Christianity  Buddhism only one to gain popularity Others mostly confined to foreign merchants Others mostly confined to foreign merchants

7. Tang Dynasty 618-907 C.E.

8. Beginnings  General Li Shimin founded Tang dynasty  Named Taizong – “Great Ancestor”

9. Government  Chang’an 1 Million people, including foreigners who were traders and merchants 1 Million people, including foreigners who were traders and merchants 30 square miles 30 square miles

10. Government  Civil service exams Supported by government schools Supported by government schools Forbidden to serve in native places “ rule of avoidance” Forbidden to serve in native places “ rule of avoidance” Limited to terms of 3 years Limited to terms of 3 years Moved to different districts Moved to different districts Reduced power of great families Reduced power of great families

11. Government  Military based on Militia  Revenue system – based on land tax  Government monopoly on Salt, tea, and liquor  Rebuilt road and canal network with post stations

12. Culture  Golden Age of Art and Literature  Art Glazes on Pottery Glazes on Pottery Focused on Human Figure Focused on Human Figure Monochromatic Monochromatic

13. Dish in the Shape of a Leaf

14. Phoenix- headed ewer Floral Medallions

15. Seated Buddha Standing Court Lady

16. Technology  Cast iron  Crossbow  Gunpowder,  Compass  Porcelain  Coal as fuel  Waterwheels  Paper Currency  Wheelbarrow  Wallpaper

17. Expansion  Overseas trade expanded with absorption of Fujian and absorption of southeast coast  Reincorporated northern Vietnam, Xinjiang, and southern Manchuria  Incorporated Korea as a tributary state

19. Collapse  Revenue base began to erode  Imperial land grants to nobles who avoided taxes  Population grew more quickly than land and money could provide  Began outlawing contact with other ethnicities

20. Collapse  Military supported by mercenaries  Eunuchs’ power increasing  Rebellions Country divided by generals Country divided by generals Attacked by groups in the north, taking control of including southern Manchuria Attacked by groups in the north, taking control of including southern Manchuria  Ended in chaos and civil war

21. Song Dynasty 966-1279

22. Beginnings  Follows Five Dynasty Period and later Zhou Period  General Guo Wei rival of Later Zhou conquered middle Yangzi region of Chu

23. Government  Issued paper currency credited growth of commerce  Civil Service recruited for higher posts from educated who passed three levels of imperial examinations  Personal Property assessed for Taxation  Trained Militia and supplied with Arms Strengthen Loyalty and Quality of Army Strengthen Loyalty and Quality of Army

24. Government  Government Schools  Open to anyone of ability  Allowed others a chance at office holding  Paid Mongols and others in silk and other goods as a way to pacify would be attackers

25. Culture  Paintings focusing on Landscapes  Harmony between humans and nature  Patronized by Rich Urban Merchants  Popularization of Vernacular Language

26. Summer Mountains

27. Chinese Song dynasty Henan jar

28. Glazed Clay Jar

29. Technology  Improved Farming Techniques – Irrigation, fertilization, metal tools and proto- machines  Ships with water-tight compartments  Waterwheels  Incline Planes  Canal Locks  Gunpowder  Mortars

30. Depletion of Empire  Shrank in size, gave up land including Taipei,  Abandoned Tibet  Manchuria in Khitan control  Vietnam and Korea more independent

31. Collapse of Northern Song  Alliance with Jurchen against Khitan  Unimpressed with Song’s military abilities  Captured capital of Kaifeng 1126  Treaty with Jurchen fixed border at Huai River Pay annual tribute Pay annual tribute

33. Collapse of Southern Song  Attacks by Jurchen and Mongols Attacks by Jurchen take over Northern China Attacks by Jurchen take over Northern China Song establish Southern Song Dynasty Song establish Southern Song Dynasty Including Chinghis and Kubilai Khan Including Chinghis and Kubilai Khan  Mongols eventually take over Song China and establish Yuan Dyansty