1. Liberal Revolutions History 104 / March 1, 2013

2. Louis-Philippe King of France, 1830-1848 the “bourgeois king”

3. February 1848: Parisians at the barricades

4. Louis Blanc ( )

5. The scene at a national workshop

6. “June Days” in Paris

7. Nationalities of the Austrian Empire

8. Vienna, March 1848: angry crowds

9. Vienna, March 1848: attacks on aristocrats

10. Metternich flees… the Emperor Ferdinand abdicates…
… and young Franz Josef becomes the new Emperor of Austria

11. Barricades in Berlin, March 1848

12. Friedrich Wilhelm IV King of Prussia, 1840-1861

13. After the victory: a citizens’ militia on parade in Berlin

14. Remembering the martyrs: funerals for Berlin’s freedom fighters

15. Pius IX Pope,

16. The central dilemma of liberalism in the 19th Century:
Liberals call for power to the people…
but which people?!
Thus: as power devolves from monarchs
to broader circles of the population,
conflicts intensify among various national groups.

17. The Frankfurt Parliament, May 1848 - April 1849

18. Prague in June 1848: violence during the Pan-Slav Congress

19. Lajos Kossuth ( )

20. Violence in Vienna (Oct. 1848)

21. Friedrich Wilhelm IV rejects the offer to become Emperor of Germany (Apr. 1849)

22. Sweeping up the remnants of revolution

23. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte President of France, 1848-1851 Emperor of France, 1851-1870